Articles
RESPONSE OF FAIRWAY GRASSES OF GOLF COURSES TO POTABLE WATER IRRIGATION AS COMPARED TO WASTEWATER APPLICATION
Article number
573_42
Pages
357 – 363
Language
English
Abstract
The objective of this work is to study the response of 2 types of fairway grasses of golf courses to several levels of sprinkle irrigation water.
Potable water (plus 30 kg ha-1 month-1 of nitrogen fertilisation) and wastewater (without fertilisation) were applied and their effects on grass were compared, respectively in three mixed cultivars Fairway Mix: Creeping red festuca (Festuca rubra, L.) – 60%, Ray grass (Lolium perene, L.) – 20% and Kentucky blue grass (Poa pratensis, L.) – 20%; and in two mixed cultivars: Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactilon, L. Pers) and Dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum, Poiret). These cultivars are used very often in the fairways of golf courses.
Sprinkle point source, was used to simulate several levels of water application, expressed by the crop coefficient kc.
Grass yield was enhanced linearly with the increased application of water.
Visual appearance of the grass was measured trough the colour value classification of “Standard Soil Colour Charts”. Minimal kc for good visual appearance GVA of the grass was about 0.6 for potable water irrigation + nitrogen, 0.8 and 1.1 to wastewater, according to the grass cultivars and 1.7 to potable water without nitrogen.
Potable water (plus 30 kg ha-1 month-1 of nitrogen fertilisation) and wastewater (without fertilisation) were applied and their effects on grass were compared, respectively in three mixed cultivars Fairway Mix: Creeping red festuca (Festuca rubra, L.) – 60%, Ray grass (Lolium perene, L.) – 20% and Kentucky blue grass (Poa pratensis, L.) – 20%; and in two mixed cultivars: Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactilon, L. Pers) and Dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum, Poiret). These cultivars are used very often in the fairways of golf courses.
Sprinkle point source, was used to simulate several levels of water application, expressed by the crop coefficient kc.
Grass yield was enhanced linearly with the increased application of water.
Visual appearance of the grass was measured trough the colour value classification of “Standard Soil Colour Charts”. Minimal kc for good visual appearance GVA of the grass was about 0.6 for potable water irrigation + nitrogen, 0.8 and 1.1 to wastewater, according to the grass cultivars and 1.7 to potable water without nitrogen.
Publication
Authors
M. Costa, J. Beltrão, L.P.C. Dionísio, L. Matos, L. Rebelo, P. Gamito
Keywords
Crop coefficient, colour value, yield, fertilisers, sprinkler
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