Articles
BREEDING OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS THROUGH INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION USING ADVANCED TECHNIQUES WITH A SPECIAL FOCUS ON DIANTHUS, PRIMULA, COSMOS AND KALANCHOE
Article number
836_8
Pages
63 – 72
Language
English
Abstract
In ornamental plants, interspecific hybridization has successfully been used to produce novel cultivars with useful traits of both parents and to incorporate desirable traits of one species to another.
Advanced breeding techniques like embryo rescue, polyploidization, protoplast fusion and molecular cytogenetic methods are used to produce and characterize interspecific hybrids in various taxonomic groups.
In this paper, recent advances and problems in interspecific hybridization are described based on the results obtained on Dianthus, Primula, Cosmos and Kalanchoe with special references to the use of embryo culture techniques for rescuing the abortive hybrid embryos and to the use of artificial polyploidization techniques for restoring the fertility of the interspecific hybrids.
Some interesting topics related to interspecific hybridizations are also described such as the production of unexpected polyploid plants due to unreduced gamete formation and spontaneous chromosome doubling during in vitro micropropagation of plantlets and through shoot regeneration from leaf tissues.
Moreover, present status and future prospects of somatic hybridization are also summarized based on our studies on Dianthus. Some of the products of these interspecific hybridizations have successfully been commercialized directly or used as the germplasm for further breeding of novel ornamental crops.
Advanced breeding techniques like embryo rescue, polyploidization, protoplast fusion and molecular cytogenetic methods are used to produce and characterize interspecific hybrids in various taxonomic groups.
In this paper, recent advances and problems in interspecific hybridization are described based on the results obtained on Dianthus, Primula, Cosmos and Kalanchoe with special references to the use of embryo culture techniques for rescuing the abortive hybrid embryos and to the use of artificial polyploidization techniques for restoring the fertility of the interspecific hybrids.
Some interesting topics related to interspecific hybridizations are also described such as the production of unexpected polyploid plants due to unreduced gamete formation and spontaneous chromosome doubling during in vitro micropropagation of plantlets and through shoot regeneration from leaf tissues.
Moreover, present status and future prospects of somatic hybridization are also summarized based on our studies on Dianthus. Some of the products of these interspecific hybridizations have successfully been commercialized directly or used as the germplasm for further breeding of novel ornamental crops.
Publication
Authors
M. Mii
Keywords
embryo rescue, somatic hybridization, chromosome doubling, unreduced gamete formation, amphidiploid, flow cytometry
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