Articles
PLUM CULTURE IN ROMANIA – CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES
Article number
968_2
Pages
25 – 32
Language
English
Abstract
In Romania, the plum industry has remained vital for hundred of years being the major fruit species which covers an acreage of 75,292 ha (37.65% of the total fruit acreage from our country), holding the 3rd place in the world after China and Serbia and the 2nd one in Europe after Serbia.
Regarding the plums production, Romania holds the 4th place worldwide after China, Serbia and USA and the 2nd one in Europe after Serbia.
Thus, the plum production of Romania in 2008 was 475,290 tons, 18.44% of the European production and respectively 4.6% of the world.
With regard to the assortment, the local varieties have been always predominantly, preferably for the plum brandy industry but at the same time valuable plum cultivars (Tuleu Gras, Grase Romanesti, Vinete Romanesti) were grown for mixed utilization.
Presently, the Romanian plum assortment includes 38 cultivars of which only 6 are of foreign origin.
In future, the plum breeding program aim to obtain new plum cultivars with high quality fruit, for fresh market, increase resistance to diseases and pests.
Also, the rootstocks assortment has been greatly improved including 5 generative rootstocks, 2 generative and vegetative rootstocks and 3 vegetative ones.
Regarding the plum training systems, the classic system has been used so far.
Nowadays, there is a trend to the intensive cultural systems aiming at much higher fruit yields.
Therefore, related to the tree vigour, the following planting spacings are recommended: 5×4 m; 4.5×4 m; 4×4 m; 4.5×3.5 m going to reach a 2 m spacing between trees along the row when low vigour vegetative rootstocks are involved.
Regarding the plums production, Romania holds the 4th place worldwide after China, Serbia and USA and the 2nd one in Europe after Serbia.
Thus, the plum production of Romania in 2008 was 475,290 tons, 18.44% of the European production and respectively 4.6% of the world.
With regard to the assortment, the local varieties have been always predominantly, preferably for the plum brandy industry but at the same time valuable plum cultivars (Tuleu Gras, Grase Romanesti, Vinete Romanesti) were grown for mixed utilization.
Presently, the Romanian plum assortment includes 38 cultivars of which only 6 are of foreign origin.
In future, the plum breeding program aim to obtain new plum cultivars with high quality fruit, for fresh market, increase resistance to diseases and pests.
Also, the rootstocks assortment has been greatly improved including 5 generative rootstocks, 2 generative and vegetative rootstocks and 3 vegetative ones.
Regarding the plum training systems, the classic system has been used so far.
Nowadays, there is a trend to the intensive cultural systems aiming at much higher fruit yields.
Therefore, related to the tree vigour, the following planting spacings are recommended: 5×4 m; 4.5×4 m; 4×4 m; 4.5×3.5 m going to reach a 2 m spacing between trees along the row when low vigour vegetative rootstocks are involved.
Publication
Authors
M. Coman, M. Butac, D. Sumedrea, I. Dutu, M. Iancu, C. Mazilu, C. Plopa
Keywords
plum, production, area, assortment, system
Online Articles (35)