Articles
The importance of mitotic spindle inhibitors in plant breeding
Article number
1288_26
Pages
175 – 184
Language
English
Abstract
The production of polyploids can be most useful in many genetic and cytological research projects of a purely theoretical kind, such as studies on the action and interaction of genes in polyploids and studies on chromosome behavior in polyploid meiosis.
Production of polyploids can also be valuable in experimental taxonomy, when the origin of naturally occurring polyploid species or races is investigated.
The use of achromatic spindle inhibitors has gained great importance in recent decades as a means of generation of ploidy in cytogenetic work, due to their ability to stop the growth of the mitotic or meiotic spindle in the cell division, resulting in a cell stay with twice as much genetic material.
Colchicine inhibits the polymerization of microtubules by binding to tubulin, one of the main constituents of microtubules.
The availability of tubulin is essential for the mitosis, so that colchicine works effectively as a mitotic poison or poison spindle.
Orizalyn is an herbicide that follows the same principle as colchicine, depolymerizing the mitotic spindle, at appropriate concentrations, a greater efficiency can be obtained allowing a greater amount of polyploid cells.
The use of nitrous oxide against other mitotic arresters has the advantage of being able to be introduced under pressure, which leads to a higher polyploid cell index.
In this work, the use of different chemical agents to produce polyploid plants is reviewed.
Production of polyploids can also be valuable in experimental taxonomy, when the origin of naturally occurring polyploid species or races is investigated.
The use of achromatic spindle inhibitors has gained great importance in recent decades as a means of generation of ploidy in cytogenetic work, due to their ability to stop the growth of the mitotic or meiotic spindle in the cell division, resulting in a cell stay with twice as much genetic material.
Colchicine inhibits the polymerization of microtubules by binding to tubulin, one of the main constituents of microtubules.
The availability of tubulin is essential for the mitosis, so that colchicine works effectively as a mitotic poison or poison spindle.
Orizalyn is an herbicide that follows the same principle as colchicine, depolymerizing the mitotic spindle, at appropriate concentrations, a greater efficiency can be obtained allowing a greater amount of polyploid cells.
The use of nitrous oxide against other mitotic arresters has the advantage of being able to be introduced under pressure, which leads to a higher polyploid cell index.
In this work, the use of different chemical agents to produce polyploid plants is reviewed.
Authors
R.B. Kosonoy-González, E. Tapia-Campos, R. Barba-Gonzalez
Keywords
chromosomes, cytogenetics, polyploidy
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