Articles
Seed cultivation and selection of Opuntia genotypes with resistance to carmine cochineal
Article number
1343_3
Pages
15 – 22
Language
English
Abstract
The forage cactus (Opuntia) genetic improvement program aims to select new genotypes to expand the genetic base of the crop and meet the demands of rural producers in the Brazilian semi-arid region.
The objective of this study was to select cactus forage genotypes, from seed cultivation and not controlled pollination, with productive potential and resistance to carmine cochineal.
The genotypes came from seed cultivation and not controlled pollination of the California-V14 accession, belonging to the Active Germplasm Bank (BAG) of Opuntia spp. of the Paraíba Research, Rural Extension and Land Regularization Company (EMPAER), Pendência Experimental Station, Soledade, Paraíba, Brazil.
The research was carried out at that institution, with the collection of fruits from the California-V14 accession in October 2019. The seeds were sown in plastic trays and the seedlings were transplanted to beds in a greenhouse.
A selection of 51 genotypes without the occurrence of the carmine cochineal was carried out during the years 2019, 2020, and 2021 and the cultivation of these cladodes was carried out at field level, in a rainfed regime, in April 2021. At 90 days after planting, the plant height, plant width, total number of cladodes, number of first-order cladodes, number of second-order cladodes, and plant mortality were performed.
There is genetic variability among the 51 selected cactus forage genotypes, originating from the cultivation of V14 seeds and not controlled pollination.
The genotypes number 7, 49, and 50 reached the highest averages, that is, the highest foraging potential, but with the need for future evaluations to prove resistance to carmine cochineal.
The objective of this study was to select cactus forage genotypes, from seed cultivation and not controlled pollination, with productive potential and resistance to carmine cochineal.
The genotypes came from seed cultivation and not controlled pollination of the California-V14 accession, belonging to the Active Germplasm Bank (BAG) of Opuntia spp. of the Paraíba Research, Rural Extension and Land Regularization Company (EMPAER), Pendência Experimental Station, Soledade, Paraíba, Brazil.
The research was carried out at that institution, with the collection of fruits from the California-V14 accession in October 2019. The seeds were sown in plastic trays and the seedlings were transplanted to beds in a greenhouse.
A selection of 51 genotypes without the occurrence of the carmine cochineal was carried out during the years 2019, 2020, and 2021 and the cultivation of these cladodes was carried out at field level, in a rainfed regime, in April 2021. At 90 days after planting, the plant height, plant width, total number of cladodes, number of first-order cladodes, number of second-order cladodes, and plant mortality were performed.
There is genetic variability among the 51 selected cactus forage genotypes, originating from the cultivation of V14 seeds and not controlled pollination.
The genotypes number 7, 49, and 50 reached the highest averages, that is, the highest foraging potential, but with the need for future evaluations to prove resistance to carmine cochineal.
Publication
Authors
I.V.B. Almeida, M.C. Batista, J.P.O. Santos, L.T.V. Medeiros, M.M. Rego, J.T.A. Souza
Keywords
Dactylopius opuntiae, Nopalea cochenillifera, plant breeding
Groups involved
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