Articles
Search for a dwarfing rootstock for Jonagold
Article number
1346_74
Pages
595 – 602
Language
English
Abstract
For most fruit growers, the ideal tree is a tree that does not grow too vigorously, demands little labor and yields yearly high quality and consistent production.
To achieve this, apple varieties are grafted or inoculated on a rootstock.
This is mostly M.9 for the Belgian apple culture, a rootstock with moderate vigour.
Though this rootstock satisfies in most cases, we need a rootstock with more vigour, like in soils suffering from replant disease.
In 2014 Daliryan, a dark clone of Jonagold, was planted on Pajam 1, G.11, G.41 and AR295-6. In this trial, we assessed growth, yield, color of the fruits, and internal fruit quality.
After 6 years, we have observed that the growth on G.11 is comparable to Pajam 1 and that AR295-6 and especially G.41 are more vigorous than Pajam 1. Yield was higher on all three rootstocks compared to Pajam 1. Coloring and fruit quality were similar.
Fruit size, however, was much bigger on G.41, which is an important disadvantage for the cultivar Jonagold. In 2015 a second trial was planted with Novajo, a bright red clone of Jonagold on M.9 and G.41 in a parcel with replanting problems.
In contrast with the first trial, the trees on G.41 were very weak.
They had little side branches and a small root system.
As a result, they hardly had any growth in the first year.
However, in the second year, growth resumed vigorously, resulting in a significant increase in trunk circumference.
Nevertheless, tree volume remained small.
Production on G.41 remained behind in the first years, but in 2018 and 2019, production was higher.
Also, in this trial, the fruit size of Jonagold was too big, which leaves us to conclude that G.41 is unsuitable for triploid varieties under Belgian conditions.
To achieve this, apple varieties are grafted or inoculated on a rootstock.
This is mostly M.9 for the Belgian apple culture, a rootstock with moderate vigour.
Though this rootstock satisfies in most cases, we need a rootstock with more vigour, like in soils suffering from replant disease.
In 2014 Daliryan, a dark clone of Jonagold, was planted on Pajam 1, G.11, G.41 and AR295-6. In this trial, we assessed growth, yield, color of the fruits, and internal fruit quality.
After 6 years, we have observed that the growth on G.11 is comparable to Pajam 1 and that AR295-6 and especially G.41 are more vigorous than Pajam 1. Yield was higher on all three rootstocks compared to Pajam 1. Coloring and fruit quality were similar.
Fruit size, however, was much bigger on G.41, which is an important disadvantage for the cultivar Jonagold. In 2015 a second trial was planted with Novajo, a bright red clone of Jonagold on M.9 and G.41 in a parcel with replanting problems.
In contrast with the first trial, the trees on G.41 were very weak.
They had little side branches and a small root system.
As a result, they hardly had any growth in the first year.
However, in the second year, growth resumed vigorously, resulting in a significant increase in trunk circumference.
Nevertheless, tree volume remained small.
Production on G.41 remained behind in the first years, but in 2018 and 2019, production was higher.
Also, in this trial, the fruit size of Jonagold was too big, which leaves us to conclude that G.41 is unsuitable for triploid varieties under Belgian conditions.
Publication
Authors
J. Vercammen, A. Gomand, D. Bylemans
Keywords
M.9, Pajam 1, G.11, G.41 and AR295-6
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