Articles
Effect of cultural practices on the entomological biodiversity of agro-ecosystems in Senegal
Article number
1355_9
Pages
63 – 70
Language
English
Abstract
Insects pests cause significant damage to horticultural crops in Senegal.
They are often difficult to control using insecticides.
The increasing and non-reasoned use of insecticides directly contributes to the destruction natural enemies and causes the development of resistant insect populations.
In the same way, the cultural practices and the characteristics of the landscape probably have a determining role in the regulation of the populations.
The objective of this work is to determine the effect of cultural practices on the abundance of insect pests of tomato and cabbage, and their impact on natural enemies.
The study sites are located in the northern, central and southern zones of Senegal.
The target pests were monitored in the field and in the laboratory to assess the associated parasitism.
Results showed that Helicoverpa armigera infestations were higher in plots with flood recession irrigation and drip irrigation.
Deep tillage, no Solanaceae as previous crop, hybrid cultivars, high plant density, localized irrigation, application of organic manure and a short nursery period were less favorable to Tuta absoluta abundance.
The cabbage cultivars KK Cross, Tropica leader, Chou-chinois and Fabula reduced diamondback moth Plutella xylostella populations and were an effective control method to curb the damage of the pest.
Polyculture and use of urea as a fertilizer increased natural enemies diversity while the use of biopesticides decreased the number of natural enemy species.
The results obtained contribute to the identification of levers for prevention and integrated management of pest populations at risk and insecticide resistance for the design of sustainable horticultural production systems.
They are often difficult to control using insecticides.
The increasing and non-reasoned use of insecticides directly contributes to the destruction natural enemies and causes the development of resistant insect populations.
In the same way, the cultural practices and the characteristics of the landscape probably have a determining role in the regulation of the populations.
The objective of this work is to determine the effect of cultural practices on the abundance of insect pests of tomato and cabbage, and their impact on natural enemies.
The study sites are located in the northern, central and southern zones of Senegal.
The target pests were monitored in the field and in the laboratory to assess the associated parasitism.
Results showed that Helicoverpa armigera infestations were higher in plots with flood recession irrigation and drip irrigation.
Deep tillage, no Solanaceae as previous crop, hybrid cultivars, high plant density, localized irrigation, application of organic manure and a short nursery period were less favorable to Tuta absoluta abundance.
The cabbage cultivars KK Cross, Tropica leader, Chou-chinois and Fabula reduced diamondback moth Plutella xylostella populations and were an effective control method to curb the damage of the pest.
Polyculture and use of urea as a fertilizer increased natural enemies diversity while the use of biopesticides decreased the number of natural enemy species.
The results obtained contribute to the identification of levers for prevention and integrated management of pest populations at risk and insecticide resistance for the design of sustainable horticultural production systems.
Authors
K. Diarra, M. Diatte, S. Sylla, B. Labou, E. Tendeng, S.O. Seydi, A. Baldé, P. Diop, S.O. Sène, I.A. Ndiaye
Keywords
biodiversity, entomofauna, ecosystem services, farming practices, sustainable agriculture, Senegal
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