Articles
SHALLOT (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) PRODUCTION AND BREEDING IN FRANCE
Article number
555_32
Pages
221 – 225
Language
English
Abstract
In France, approximately 2000 ha are devoted to the commercial production of shallot (35-40000 t). The cultivars (cvs), all vegetatively propagated, belong to two types: the grey shallot (1 cv, 2-300 ha), and the rose-or Jersey shallot including several cvs.
Clonal selection bombined with virus eradication by meristem tip-culture started in 1970. After 1984, hybridization was used and selection in the progenies obtained by intraspecific hybridization in the Jersey shallot type let to the production of new cvs recently released.
In order to widen the cultivar types, interspecific hybridization, including the Jersey type, grey shallot, Allium roylei, and Allium oschaninii, was used.
In this case in vitro embryo rescue was necessary to obtain plants which are now under study. Haplodiploidization was also used in order to obtain homozygous lines which could be used in the production of F1 hybrid varieties.
Clonal selection bombined with virus eradication by meristem tip-culture started in 1970. After 1984, hybridization was used and selection in the progenies obtained by intraspecific hybridization in the Jersey shallot type let to the production of new cvs recently released.
In order to widen the cultivar types, interspecific hybridization, including the Jersey type, grey shallot, Allium roylei, and Allium oschaninii, was used.
In this case in vitro embryo rescue was necessary to obtain plants which are now under study. Haplodiploidization was also used in order to obtain homozygous lines which could be used in the production of F1 hybrid varieties.
Publication
Authors
J. Cohat, J.E. Chauvin, M. Le Nard
Keywords
Allium cepa var. aggregatum, production, breeding, embryo rescue, haplodiploidization
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