Articles
DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO- AND MINIRHIZOMES OF TURMERIC, CURCUMA LONGA L., IN VITRO
Article number
756_11
Pages
103 – 108
Language
English
Abstract
Microrhizomes are in vitro storage organs employed in micropropagation of turmeric and a variety of other geophytes.
Microrhizomes develop as engorged stem tissues in response to high concentrations of sucrose in liquid medium.
Active storage organ function is indicated since microrhizome tissues have higher dry/fresh weight ratios than leaves or roots.
In a system optimized for turmeric in 180 ml vessels, 115 and 180 mg microrhizome dry weight per explant was accumulated during 4 and 6 weeks of culture, respectively.
These microrhizomes were ovoid like primary rhizomes of young field-grown turmeric plants.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of minirhizomes. In contrast with microrhizomes, minirhizomes produce cylindrical, lateral, secondary rhizomes comprising a large fraction the plant at harvest.
Minirhizomes occurred during 15 to 24 weeks of in vitro culture in larger vessels (appx. 2.5 L) with periodic media supplementation to maintain high sucrose concentrations.
Approximately 65% of explants possessed secondary rhizomes after 24 weeks.
The average mass of a rhizome was 675 mg and the majority of plant dry weight was found in the rhizome.
When sucrose levels were maintained at nearly constant levels over a 5-week time course, the dry/fresh weight ratio of the rhizome was directly related to the sucrose concentration in the medium.
The greatest total plant mass was observed among plants grown with 6% initial sucrose concentration within the 2% to 8% initial sucrose range that was evaluated.
Microrhizomes develop as engorged stem tissues in response to high concentrations of sucrose in liquid medium.
Active storage organ function is indicated since microrhizome tissues have higher dry/fresh weight ratios than leaves or roots.
In a system optimized for turmeric in 180 ml vessels, 115 and 180 mg microrhizome dry weight per explant was accumulated during 4 and 6 weeks of culture, respectively.
These microrhizomes were ovoid like primary rhizomes of young field-grown turmeric plants.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of minirhizomes. In contrast with microrhizomes, minirhizomes produce cylindrical, lateral, secondary rhizomes comprising a large fraction the plant at harvest.
Minirhizomes occurred during 15 to 24 weeks of in vitro culture in larger vessels (appx. 2.5 L) with periodic media supplementation to maintain high sucrose concentrations.
Approximately 65% of explants possessed secondary rhizomes after 24 weeks.
The average mass of a rhizome was 675 mg and the majority of plant dry weight was found in the rhizome.
When sucrose levels were maintained at nearly constant levels over a 5-week time course, the dry/fresh weight ratio of the rhizome was directly related to the sucrose concentration in the medium.
The greatest total plant mass was observed among plants grown with 6% initial sucrose concentration within the 2% to 8% initial sucrose range that was evaluated.
Authors
J.W. Adelberg, M.M. Cousins
Keywords
bioreactor, fed-batch, storage organ, sucrose
Online Articles (46)