Articles
A STUDY ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL ASPECTS OF ROOTING ‘NABALI’ AND ‘RASEEI’ OLIVE SEMI-HARDWOOD STEM CUTTINGS
Article number
773_32
Pages
221 – 226
Language
English
Abstract
The physiology and anatomy of adventitious root (AR) formation in Nabali and Raseei olive semi-hardwood stem cuttings were investigated.
This included changes in rooting promoters and inhibitors, and changes in plant hormones in buds and leaves; and the sequence of AR formation in both cultivars.
The results indicated that Raseei cuttings had significantly higher rooting percentage, higher average number of roots per cutting, and lower callus formation percentage than Nabali cuttings in all sampling dates.
These differences are believed to be related, firstly, to promoters and inhibitors of rooting as buds and leaves of both olive cultivars contained 3 fractions, which showed variations in content throughout the sampling dates.
For instance, Raseei leaves and buds contained only promoters of rooting while Nabali leaves and buds contained both promoters and inhibitor of rooting.
Secondly, buds and leaves of both olive cultivars showed variation in IAA, ABA, GAs and cytokinin contents.
Thirdly, the cross sections of Nabali and Raseei cuttings were basically the same where root initials origin is the cambial zone.
In both olive cultivars, sclerenchyma tissue did not act as a mechanical barrier for AR formation.
However, a noticeable increase in cortex thickness was observed only in Nabali during rooting of cuttings, which might act also as a barrier of root primordial development.
Formation of root initials was found to occur in Raseei and Nabali cuttings, 2 and 4 weeks from planting time, respectively, indicating faster rooting ability in Raseei. Rooting of Nabali cuttings was preceded by callus formation, which was not observed in Raseei. Based on the results obtained, Nabali can be described as being difficult-to-root, and Raseei is easy-to-root olive varieties.
This included changes in rooting promoters and inhibitors, and changes in plant hormones in buds and leaves; and the sequence of AR formation in both cultivars.
The results indicated that Raseei cuttings had significantly higher rooting percentage, higher average number of roots per cutting, and lower callus formation percentage than Nabali cuttings in all sampling dates.
These differences are believed to be related, firstly, to promoters and inhibitors of rooting as buds and leaves of both olive cultivars contained 3 fractions, which showed variations in content throughout the sampling dates.
For instance, Raseei leaves and buds contained only promoters of rooting while Nabali leaves and buds contained both promoters and inhibitor of rooting.
Secondly, buds and leaves of both olive cultivars showed variation in IAA, ABA, GAs and cytokinin contents.
Thirdly, the cross sections of Nabali and Raseei cuttings were basically the same where root initials origin is the cambial zone.
In both olive cultivars, sclerenchyma tissue did not act as a mechanical barrier for AR formation.
However, a noticeable increase in cortex thickness was observed only in Nabali during rooting of cuttings, which might act also as a barrier of root primordial development.
Formation of root initials was found to occur in Raseei and Nabali cuttings, 2 and 4 weeks from planting time, respectively, indicating faster rooting ability in Raseei. Rooting of Nabali cuttings was preceded by callus formation, which was not observed in Raseei. Based on the results obtained, Nabali can be described as being difficult-to-root, and Raseei is easy-to-root olive varieties.
Authors
S.J. Ayoub, M.M. Qrunfleh
Keywords
abscisic acid, adventitious roots, cytokinin, gibberellin, indole-3-acetic acid, sclerenchyma ring
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