Articles
A REVIEW OF NITROGEN NUTRITION OF RUBUS
Article number
777_61
Pages
403 – 410
Language
English
Abstract
Many fertilization trials have been conducted to determine optimum nitrogen (N) application rates for red raspberry and blackberry.
Results from these studies have been highly variable, likely because of differences in soil fertility, planting age, and cultivar, for example.
Total N in an alternate year trailing blackberry field was 46 to 49 kg/ha, not including roots, before pruning in the off- or on-year.
In red raspberry, total above-ground N was 44 kg/ha after pruning.
Annual total N accumulation (excluding roots) from all N sources has ranged from 69 to 122 kg/ha in red raspberry.
In Kotata trailing blackberry, 83 kg/ha of N was accumulated over a two-year alternate year production system.
Research that determined the fate of applied 15-N in the plant or soil has helped clarify plant uptake and partitioning of fertilizer N. Matching fertilizer application to plant N requirement, is important for both improved production and decreased environmental risk.
Plant N requirements depend on the time of year; therefore, N-partitioning within the plant varies throughout the growing season.
Early in the season, blackberry plants partitioned fertilizer N to new growth such as primocanes and fruit.
At the end of the growing season, the fertilizer N was stored in roots, crown, and over-wintering primocanes.
Much of the stored 15-N was recovered in the floricanes (previous year primocanes) and fruit the following season.
Time of fertilizer application also affects within-plant N partitioning. In red raspberry, fertilizer N applied at budbreak was found primarily in the fruit, fruiting laterals, and primocanes whereas the majority of the fertilizer N applied two months later was found in the primocanes.
The average total N removed from a summer-bearing red raspberry field was 14 kg/ha in harvested fruit; 13 kg/ha in floricane prunings in September, and 15 kg/ha in senescing primocane leaves, for a total of 42 kg/ha per year of N. In field-grown trailing blackberry, the N removed from the field was 33 kg/ha in harvested fruit, 14 kg/ha in floricane prunings in October, and 5 kg/ha in senescing primocane leaves, for a total of 52 kg/ha per year of N. Delaying pruning, allowed for more time for N to be remobilized to primocanes, crown, and roots.
The nitrogen concentration of ripe fruit of fertilized plants has ranged from 1.4 to 1.7% in red raspberry and 1.4 to 1.6% in blackberry.
Results from these studies have been highly variable, likely because of differences in soil fertility, planting age, and cultivar, for example.
Total N in an alternate year trailing blackberry field was 46 to 49 kg/ha, not including roots, before pruning in the off- or on-year.
In red raspberry, total above-ground N was 44 kg/ha after pruning.
Annual total N accumulation (excluding roots) from all N sources has ranged from 69 to 122 kg/ha in red raspberry.
In Kotata trailing blackberry, 83 kg/ha of N was accumulated over a two-year alternate year production system.
Research that determined the fate of applied 15-N in the plant or soil has helped clarify plant uptake and partitioning of fertilizer N. Matching fertilizer application to plant N requirement, is important for both improved production and decreased environmental risk.
Plant N requirements depend on the time of year; therefore, N-partitioning within the plant varies throughout the growing season.
Early in the season, blackberry plants partitioned fertilizer N to new growth such as primocanes and fruit.
At the end of the growing season, the fertilizer N was stored in roots, crown, and over-wintering primocanes.
Much of the stored 15-N was recovered in the floricanes (previous year primocanes) and fruit the following season.
Time of fertilizer application also affects within-plant N partitioning. In red raspberry, fertilizer N applied at budbreak was found primarily in the fruit, fruiting laterals, and primocanes whereas the majority of the fertilizer N applied two months later was found in the primocanes.
The average total N removed from a summer-bearing red raspberry field was 14 kg/ha in harvested fruit; 13 kg/ha in floricane prunings in September, and 15 kg/ha in senescing primocane leaves, for a total of 42 kg/ha per year of N. In field-grown trailing blackberry, the N removed from the field was 33 kg/ha in harvested fruit, 14 kg/ha in floricane prunings in October, and 5 kg/ha in senescing primocane leaves, for a total of 52 kg/ha per year of N. Delaying pruning, allowed for more time for N to be remobilized to primocanes, crown, and roots.
The nitrogen concentration of ripe fruit of fertilized plants has ranged from 1.4 to 1.7% in red raspberry and 1.4 to 1.6% in blackberry.
Publication
Authors
B.C. Strik
Keywords
raspberry, blackberry, fertilization, 15-N, yield, partitioning
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