Articles
Effect of photoperiod on growth, flowering, yield and quality of chrysanthemum cultivars under northern dry zone of Karnataka
Article number
1104_11
Pages
67 – 72
Language
English
Abstract
The photoperiodic response of ten cultivars of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum Tzvelev.); namely, ‘Dundi’, ‘Accession No. 2’, ‘Chitradurga Local’, ‘Autumn Joy’, ‘Garden Beauty’, ‘Accession No. 1’, ‘Winter Queen’, ‘Karnool’, ‘Raja’ and ‘States Man’ were evaluated in four different planting months (June, August, October and December 2012) at an experimental field of the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi (UHS, Bagalkot). The results show that all the cultivars planted at different planting months differed significantly with respect to growth, flowering, yield and quality parameters.
The plants of June followed by August plantings had optimum vegetative growth with higher yields and quality flowers. ‘Autumn Joy’ recorded the maximum plant height (41.2 cm) and ‘Karnool’ had higher leaf area per plant (3201.6 cm2). The plants of June plantings were late to initiate flower buds (75.5 days after planting), and December planted plants were the earliest.
Duration of flowering was maximum in the October plantings (66.5 days) and minimum in December plantings (30.7 days). Among the cultivars ‘Accession No. 1’ was early to initiate flower buds (15.1 days after planting) and ‘Chitradurga Local’ was late to initiate flower buds (55.2 days after planting). ‘Garden Beauty’ had maximum flowering duration of 78.2 days.
June planting resulted in the maximum number of flowers per plant (115.8), flower yield (19.3 t ha-1), larger (5.4 cm) and heavier flowers (1.7 g). ‘Garden Beauty’, ‘Dundi’, ‘Karnool’, and ‘Accession No. 2’ were superior when planted in June.
The yield was drastically reduced in other cultivars planted in December except in ‘Dundi’ and ‘Garden Beauty’. Among the ten cultivars, ‘Dundi’ is accepted by growers for commercial production.
The plants of June followed by August plantings had optimum vegetative growth with higher yields and quality flowers. ‘Autumn Joy’ recorded the maximum plant height (41.2 cm) and ‘Karnool’ had higher leaf area per plant (3201.6 cm2). The plants of June plantings were late to initiate flower buds (75.5 days after planting), and December planted plants were the earliest.
Duration of flowering was maximum in the October plantings (66.5 days) and minimum in December plantings (30.7 days). Among the cultivars ‘Accession No. 1’ was early to initiate flower buds (15.1 days after planting) and ‘Chitradurga Local’ was late to initiate flower buds (55.2 days after planting). ‘Garden Beauty’ had maximum flowering duration of 78.2 days.
June planting resulted in the maximum number of flowers per plant (115.8), flower yield (19.3 t ha-1), larger (5.4 cm) and heavier flowers (1.7 g). ‘Garden Beauty’, ‘Dundi’, ‘Karnool’, and ‘Accession No. 2’ were superior when planted in June.
The yield was drastically reduced in other cultivars planted in December except in ‘Dundi’ and ‘Garden Beauty’. Among the ten cultivars, ‘Dundi’ is accepted by growers for commercial production.
Authors
S.B. Parit, B.S. Kulkarni, S.R. Patil
Keywords
Dendranthema, seasonal flowering, quantitative measures, photoperiod
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