Articles
Research and development of bio-plates from durian husk
Article number
1186_24
Pages
157 – 164
Language
English
Abstract
This study aimed to produce bio-plates from agricultural residue, the husk of durian fruit (‘Monthong’ and ‘Chanee’). Cellulose was extracted from ‘Monthong’ husks (containing 53.7% holocellulose) using sodium hydroxide and then later lignin was removed with hydrogen peroxide.
The percent yield of cellulose was 21.51% whereas the yield of cellulose after bleaching with peroxide was 84.80%. The cellulose from durian husk was used to produce bio-plates by hot compression molding.
The suitable press temperature was 160°C, without glue, with the best properties following the Thai industrial standard 966-2547. Alkylketene dimer (AKD) was added to the bio-plate at 1.25, 2.5, 3, 4 and 5% (w/w) for waterproofing.
The results of 3% of AKD show greatest thickness swelling (%) which was 1.83%. Afterwards, durian husk fiber was processed into 7-inch plates by hot compression molding at 160°C, 150 bar and 5 min of compression.
The plates from unbleached fiber were better formed than for bleached fiber, but plates from bleached fiber had the best physical properties, including density of 573.4 kg m-3, moisture content of 0.39%, thickness swelling of 89.7%, water absorption of 294.1% and time for absorption of 0.05 cm3 water was more than 7 h.
Compression strength at the top and bottom of plates from unbleached fiber were 2.97 and 3.28 kF, burst strength of 419 kPa, puncture resistance of 0.66 J, tensile strength of 9.63 kN m-1 and elongation of 1.72%. However, these properties could not be tested for plates made from bleached fiber.
Analysis of plate properties indicated that the bio-plates from bleached durian husk fiber were inferior to those made from bagasse, but the plates had potential for further development.
The percent yield of cellulose was 21.51% whereas the yield of cellulose after bleaching with peroxide was 84.80%. The cellulose from durian husk was used to produce bio-plates by hot compression molding.
The suitable press temperature was 160°C, without glue, with the best properties following the Thai industrial standard 966-2547. Alkylketene dimer (AKD) was added to the bio-plate at 1.25, 2.5, 3, 4 and 5% (w/w) for waterproofing.
The results of 3% of AKD show greatest thickness swelling (%) which was 1.83%. Afterwards, durian husk fiber was processed into 7-inch plates by hot compression molding at 160°C, 150 bar and 5 min of compression.
The plates from unbleached fiber were better formed than for bleached fiber, but plates from bleached fiber had the best physical properties, including density of 573.4 kg m-3, moisture content of 0.39%, thickness swelling of 89.7%, water absorption of 294.1% and time for absorption of 0.05 cm3 water was more than 7 h.
Compression strength at the top and bottom of plates from unbleached fiber were 2.97 and 3.28 kF, burst strength of 419 kPa, puncture resistance of 0.66 J, tensile strength of 9.63 kN m-1 and elongation of 1.72%. However, these properties could not be tested for plates made from bleached fiber.
Analysis of plate properties indicated that the bio-plates from bleached durian husk fiber were inferior to those made from bagasse, but the plates had potential for further development.
Authors
S. Tengrang, N. Leabwan, W. Wattanawichit, K. Loylerd, T. Vichitcholchai, S. Sukhasem
Keywords
cellulose, agricultural residue, compression molding, alkylketene dimer, biodegradable plate
Groups involved
Online Articles (37)