Articles
Evaluation of the main apricot cultivars grown in Romania
Article number
1450_56
Pages
425 – 430
Language
English
Abstract
The apricot breeding program in Romania has a tradition of over 60 years.
Dobrogea, being a favourable region for apricot culture, was the engine of this program to obtain new hybrids in order to select the most valuable elites, subsequently passing through specific tests, obtaining apricot cultivars with a high degree of profitability.
Thus, in the year 2000, RSFG had more than 30 cultivars of apricot in its fields, among which we mention: ‘Sulina’, ‘Sulmona’, ‘Selena’, ‘NJA 42’, ‘NJA 19’, ‘Neptun’, ‘Mamaia’, ‘Litoral’, ‘Fortuna’, ‘Euxin’, etc.
The accentuated climate changes of the last 20 years required the selection of these apricot cultivars from more than 30 cultivars to 10-14 cultivars that correspond to the new environmental and climate requirements.
Decreases in production were observed from an average of 18 t ha‑1 for cultivars such as ‘Fortuna’, ‘NJA 42’, ‘Euxin’, ‘Sulmona’ to productions of 2 t ha‑1 for the listed cultivars.
Among the limiting factors, return frosts and late frosts were the main factor, to which we can add attacks by increasingly virulent pathogens, lack of atmospheric humidity and others.
However, apricot cultivars such as ‘Elmar’, ‘Auraș’, ‘Augustin’, ‘Orizont’, ‘De Val’, ‘Ceres’, ‘Danubiu’ succeed in the same environmental conditions to continuously have positive results with average productions of over 12-16 t ha‑1 in years favourable for apricot cultivation.
Dobrogea, being a favourable region for apricot culture, was the engine of this program to obtain new hybrids in order to select the most valuable elites, subsequently passing through specific tests, obtaining apricot cultivars with a high degree of profitability.
Thus, in the year 2000, RSFG had more than 30 cultivars of apricot in its fields, among which we mention: ‘Sulina’, ‘Sulmona’, ‘Selena’, ‘NJA 42’, ‘NJA 19’, ‘Neptun’, ‘Mamaia’, ‘Litoral’, ‘Fortuna’, ‘Euxin’, etc.
The accentuated climate changes of the last 20 years required the selection of these apricot cultivars from more than 30 cultivars to 10-14 cultivars that correspond to the new environmental and climate requirements.
Decreases in production were observed from an average of 18 t ha‑1 for cultivars such as ‘Fortuna’, ‘NJA 42’, ‘Euxin’, ‘Sulmona’ to productions of 2 t ha‑1 for the listed cultivars.
Among the limiting factors, return frosts and late frosts were the main factor, to which we can add attacks by increasingly virulent pathogens, lack of atmospheric humidity and others.
However, apricot cultivars such as ‘Elmar’, ‘Auraș’, ‘Augustin’, ‘Orizont’, ‘De Val’, ‘Ceres’, ‘Danubiu’ succeed in the same environmental conditions to continuously have positive results with average productions of over 12-16 t ha‑1 in years favourable for apricot cultivation.
Publication
Authors
V.A. Oprita, L. Septar, C. Moale
Keywords
Prunus armeniaca, cultivars, blooming, yields, harvest
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