Articles
ROOTSTOCKS USED FOR FRUIT CROPS IN CHILE: AN OVERVIEW
Article number
658_40
Pages
287 – 291
Language
English
Abstract
The development of the Chilean fruit industry has been remarkable in the last 30 years.
The fruit crop area currently planted is more than 210,000 ha, mainly in the north-central and central area of the country (between parallels 25º and 35º South latitude). The climate in this area is mild with well defined seasons and the area has a variety of soils, from clay to loam, as well as ones with sandy-loam texture.
The Chilean fruit industry is based mainly on fresh fruit exports.
Its income is approximately US $ 1,500 million per year.
As measured by the number of boxes of fruit exported, the principal deciduous fruit crops in Chile are: Table Grapes, Apples, Kiwifruits, Plums, Pears, Nectarines, Peaches and Cherries.
However, according to the surface area planted, the order of importance is: Table grapes, Apples, Pears, Plums, Peaches, Kiwifruits, Walnuts, Nectarines, Almonds and Cherries.
Almost all Chilean orchards are grafted on different rootstocks, except vineyards, which are generally propagated using own-rooted cuttings.
The main rootstocks used nowadays by Chilean growers are:
Apple: apple seedlings, MM-106, MM-111, M-9, M-4, M-26. Pear: pear seedlings, quince (Quince A), P. betulaefolia, P. calleryana. Peach and Nectarine: peach seedlings, Nemaguard, Chuche-Picudo (native peach selection), Nemared, GF-677. Plum and Prune: Marianna 2624, Myrobalan, Nemaguard.
Cherry: Mericier, Mazzard, P. cerasus, P. mahaleb, Gisela.
Kiwi: Hayward, Bruno.
Walnut: J. regia, J. hindsii. Almond: Nemaguard, peach seedlings and Chuche-Picudo.
The fruit crop area currently planted is more than 210,000 ha, mainly in the north-central and central area of the country (between parallels 25º and 35º South latitude). The climate in this area is mild with well defined seasons and the area has a variety of soils, from clay to loam, as well as ones with sandy-loam texture.
The Chilean fruit industry is based mainly on fresh fruit exports.
Its income is approximately US $ 1,500 million per year.
As measured by the number of boxes of fruit exported, the principal deciduous fruit crops in Chile are: Table Grapes, Apples, Kiwifruits, Plums, Pears, Nectarines, Peaches and Cherries.
However, according to the surface area planted, the order of importance is: Table grapes, Apples, Pears, Plums, Peaches, Kiwifruits, Walnuts, Nectarines, Almonds and Cherries.
Almost all Chilean orchards are grafted on different rootstocks, except vineyards, which are generally propagated using own-rooted cuttings.
The main rootstocks used nowadays by Chilean growers are:
Apple: apple seedlings, MM-106, MM-111, M-9, M-4, M-26. Pear: pear seedlings, quince (Quince A), P. betulaefolia, P. calleryana. Peach and Nectarine: peach seedlings, Nemaguard, Chuche-Picudo (native peach selection), Nemared, GF-677. Plum and Prune: Marianna 2624, Myrobalan, Nemaguard.
Cherry: Mericier, Mazzard, P. cerasus, P. mahaleb, Gisela.
Kiwi: Hayward, Bruno.
Walnut: J. regia, J. hindsii. Almond: Nemaguard, peach seedlings and Chuche-Picudo.
Authors
C. Sotomayor, J. Castro
Keywords
Chilean fruit industry, Chilean fruit exports, native rootstock
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