Articles
EFFECT OF METOSULAM AND GLYPHOSATE ON FLOWER ABNORMALITIES OF STRAWBERRY
Article number
708_70
Pages
401 – 404
Language
English
Abstract
Cold stored tray plants of the cvs. Elsanta and Darselect were grown on peat substrate in a greenhouse.
In the first experiment, a foliar spray of metosulam (25 ppm) was applied 4 weeks after transplanting, when first flower buds emerged.
The treatment with metosulam resulted in a partial reversion from reproductive to vegetative development of the flowers.
The most characteristic symptom was a pronounced foliaceous growth arising from the achenes in the first flower trusses, which gradually disappeared in successive trusses.
In the treated plants, 32% and 25 % of the flowers of Elsanta and Darselect respectively, had phyllodious characteristics.
In a second experiment an aqueous solution of glyphosate containing 0.01, 0.1, and 1 ppm was applied to the peat 10 days prior to planting.
At an application rate of 0.1 ppm toxicity symptoms became apparent. Elsanta strawberry plants grown on peat treated with 1 ppm glyphosate developed needle shaped yellowing leaf blades, and produced smaller flowers with short anthers and white pistils.
Almost 49% of the flowers developed into abnormal, small globe-shaped berries, while the most severely stunted plants produced some phylloid fruit.
It was proved that residues of the post-emergent herbicide glyphosate in the root medium can readily be translocated from the roots upwards to meristematic tissue and can influence flower differentiation adversely.
In the first experiment, a foliar spray of metosulam (25 ppm) was applied 4 weeks after transplanting, when first flower buds emerged.
The treatment with metosulam resulted in a partial reversion from reproductive to vegetative development of the flowers.
The most characteristic symptom was a pronounced foliaceous growth arising from the achenes in the first flower trusses, which gradually disappeared in successive trusses.
In the treated plants, 32% and 25 % of the flowers of Elsanta and Darselect respectively, had phyllodious characteristics.
In a second experiment an aqueous solution of glyphosate containing 0.01, 0.1, and 1 ppm was applied to the peat 10 days prior to planting.
At an application rate of 0.1 ppm toxicity symptoms became apparent. Elsanta strawberry plants grown on peat treated with 1 ppm glyphosate developed needle shaped yellowing leaf blades, and produced smaller flowers with short anthers and white pistils.
Almost 49% of the flowers developed into abnormal, small globe-shaped berries, while the most severely stunted plants produced some phylloid fruit.
It was proved that residues of the post-emergent herbicide glyphosate in the root medium can readily be translocated from the roots upwards to meristematic tissue and can influence flower differentiation adversely.
Publication
Authors
P. Lieten
Keywords
Fragaria × ananassa, phyllody, herbicides
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