Articles
Optimisation and implementation of cryopreservation protocol for cassava and yam diversity long-term safeguarding
Article number
1384_58
Pages
459 – 470
Language
English
Abstract
Clonally propagated crop collections such as yams (Dioscorea spp.), and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) are maintained at the Genetic Resources Centre of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). However, clonal diversity is at risk of loss because of several negative factors such as adverse environmental conditions, pests, diseases, and genetic contaminations of field material, or plant ageing, data handling errors, pathogen contaminations, and higher epigenetic variations in material conserved in vitro.
Using liquid nitrogen at -196°C, cryopreservation is the most reliable and cost-effective conservation means for the long-term safeguarding of clonal crop collections.
It also allows effective and standard germplasm safety duplication.
Cryopreservation requires, among other criteria, an optimal protocol and reliable procedure that can ensure high standards and consistent plantlets recovery, on which the efficiency of any cryopreservation project is evaluated.
This study aims to optimise cryopreservation parameters for cassava and yam meristem cryobanking.
Experiments on selected cassava and yam accessions were carried out to improve meristem regrowth rate via culture media optimisation using antioxidants (lipoic acid, ascorbic acid and glutathione). Also, cryogenic methods (droplet vitrification and V cryo-plate) were evaluated to determine the most efficient one for optimal meristem regrowth rate.
This study showed the favourable effect of antioxidants, incorporated in the pre-culture and meristem regrowth culture media, on cryopreserved yam meristem regrowth.
It was also observed that the V cryo-plate cryogenic method allowed a better cassava meristem regrowth rate.
These results led to optimised protocols and were the basis of a 4-steps procedure for cassava and yam collections cryobanking at IITA since 2017. The implementation of cassava and yam cryobanking is integrated into the institutes global clonal crop conservation strategy for sustainable use in more resilient and productive agriculture.
Using liquid nitrogen at -196°C, cryopreservation is the most reliable and cost-effective conservation means for the long-term safeguarding of clonal crop collections.
It also allows effective and standard germplasm safety duplication.
Cryopreservation requires, among other criteria, an optimal protocol and reliable procedure that can ensure high standards and consistent plantlets recovery, on which the efficiency of any cryopreservation project is evaluated.
This study aims to optimise cryopreservation parameters for cassava and yam meristem cryobanking.
Experiments on selected cassava and yam accessions were carried out to improve meristem regrowth rate via culture media optimisation using antioxidants (lipoic acid, ascorbic acid and glutathione). Also, cryogenic methods (droplet vitrification and V cryo-plate) were evaluated to determine the most efficient one for optimal meristem regrowth rate.
This study showed the favourable effect of antioxidants, incorporated in the pre-culture and meristem regrowth culture media, on cryopreserved yam meristem regrowth.
It was also observed that the V cryo-plate cryogenic method allowed a better cassava meristem regrowth rate.
These results led to optimised protocols and were the basis of a 4-steps procedure for cassava and yam collections cryobanking at IITA since 2017. The implementation of cassava and yam cryobanking is integrated into the institutes global clonal crop conservation strategy for sustainable use in more resilient and productive agriculture.
Authors
B. Gueye, O. Obisesan, M. Olagunju, M. Abberton
Keywords
genebank, clonal crops, in perpetuity conservation, procedure, regrowth rate
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