Articles
The impact of short-term high carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere treatment on insect disinfestation and quality of durum wheat
Article number
1456_40
Pages
305 – 312
Language
English
Abstract
The granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) is among the major primary pests of stored cereals worldwide.
Due to the increasing of legislation limits on the use of pesticides, the fast development of resistant strains of target insects, and environmental and human health risks caused by pesticides residues, the control of storage pests is very difficult and there is a global interest in the research of low-impact control tools.
This research investigated the insecticidal effect of elevated CO2 concentration (100%) alone, and combined with high- temperatures (i.e., 45, 50, 60°C) for 3 and 6 days of exposure on S. granarius adults and larvae infesting durum wheat.
Additionally, the study examines the effects of high temperature exposures (i.e., 45, 55, 65, and 75°C) for up to 9 days, on quality of durum wheat, including moisture, weight loss, color, texture, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and total tannins.
Results showed that controlled atmosphere conditions, with 100% CO2, combined with temperatures of 45, 50 and 60°C, induced high mortality levels in S. granarius adults and larvae after just 3 days of exposure, significantly different from the control (25°C, 0% CO2). The subsequent study regarding the impact of high- temperatures (45, 55, 65, and 75°C) for 9 days, on quality of durum wheat revealed that with increasing temperature, moisture content and water activity decreased, while weight loss increased resulting in the increasing texture ranging from 81.5±0.2 N at 45°C in the initial day up to 89.1±0.2 N at 75°C after 9 days of heat exposure.
There was no significant change observed in color.
Furthermore, total phenolic content increased from 0.72±0.03 at 45°C on day 1 to 1.16±0.03 mg g‑1 GAE at 75°C after 9 days and antioxidant activity increased from 1.76±0.05 after day 1 at 45°C to 2.17±0.05 mg Trolox/g after day 9 at 75°C, while total tannins decreased from 0.62 at 45°C on day 1 to 0.26% at 75°C on day 9 as the temperature increased.
Overall, the results demonstrated that treatment with 100% CO2 combined with high temperatures were effective in controlling S. granarius even in short exposure-times and could represent a low-impact control method during wheat storage.
Moreover, elevated temperatures up to 75°C did not result in any adverse effects on the quality of durum wheat.
Due to the increasing of legislation limits on the use of pesticides, the fast development of resistant strains of target insects, and environmental and human health risks caused by pesticides residues, the control of storage pests is very difficult and there is a global interest in the research of low-impact control tools.
This research investigated the insecticidal effect of elevated CO2 concentration (100%) alone, and combined with high- temperatures (i.e., 45, 50, 60°C) for 3 and 6 days of exposure on S. granarius adults and larvae infesting durum wheat.
Additionally, the study examines the effects of high temperature exposures (i.e., 45, 55, 65, and 75°C) for up to 9 days, on quality of durum wheat, including moisture, weight loss, color, texture, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and total tannins.
Results showed that controlled atmosphere conditions, with 100% CO2, combined with temperatures of 45, 50 and 60°C, induced high mortality levels in S. granarius adults and larvae after just 3 days of exposure, significantly different from the control (25°C, 0% CO2). The subsequent study regarding the impact of high- temperatures (45, 55, 65, and 75°C) for 9 days, on quality of durum wheat revealed that with increasing temperature, moisture content and water activity decreased, while weight loss increased resulting in the increasing texture ranging from 81.5±0.2 N at 45°C in the initial day up to 89.1±0.2 N at 75°C after 9 days of heat exposure.
There was no significant change observed in color.
Furthermore, total phenolic content increased from 0.72±0.03 at 45°C on day 1 to 1.16±0.03 mg g‑1 GAE at 75°C after 9 days and antioxidant activity increased from 1.76±0.05 after day 1 at 45°C to 2.17±0.05 mg Trolox/g after day 9 at 75°C, while total tannins decreased from 0.62 at 45°C on day 1 to 0.26% at 75°C on day 9 as the temperature increased.
Overall, the results demonstrated that treatment with 100% CO2 combined with high temperatures were effective in controlling S. granarius even in short exposure-times and could represent a low-impact control method during wheat storage.
Moreover, elevated temperatures up to 75°C did not result in any adverse effects on the quality of durum wheat.
Authors
A. Asghar, A. Fathi-Najafabadi, I. DIsita, O.M. Pistillo, G.S. Germinara, D. Fatchurrahman, M.L. Amodio, G. Colelli
Keywords
stored-product insect pests, mortality bioassays, physical control means, IPM, controlled-atmosphere
Online Articles (48)