Articles
THRIPS AND TOSPOVIRUSES: ADVANCES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Article number
431_27
Pages
310 – 332
Language
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the genus Tospovirus in the family Bunyaviridae.
The tospoviruses, of which there are at least five species distributed worldwide, are the only plant-infecting members of this large family of animal viruses.
Although the tospoviruses can be transmitted mechanically, field epidemics are primarily caused by thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) transmission.
The tospoviruses have a persistent, circulative-propagative relationship with their thrips vectors; however, infective adults are only produced when virus acquisition occurs in the larval stages.
At least nine species of thrips have been suggested as vectors of tospoviruses; however, only seven of these vector associations are supported by adequate experimental data.
Further experimental confirmation is required to validate Scirtothrips dorsalis and Frankliniella schultzei as vectors of groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) and F. tenuicornis as a vector of TSWV. Although Thrips tabaci was a major vector of TSWV in the past, this species does not transmit contemporary TSWV isolates.
Several new vector-tospovirus associations have emerged, including T. palmi as a vector of GBNV and watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMV), F. intonsa as a vector of TSWV, tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV), and groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV), F. schultzei as a vector of TCSV and GRSV, and F. occidentalis as a vector of TCSV, GRSV, and INSV. Past achievements and recent advances in understanding thrips-tospovirus interactions are reviewed and potential future research directions are discussed.
The tospoviruses, of which there are at least five species distributed worldwide, are the only plant-infecting members of this large family of animal viruses.
Although the tospoviruses can be transmitted mechanically, field epidemics are primarily caused by thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) transmission.
The tospoviruses have a persistent, circulative-propagative relationship with their thrips vectors; however, infective adults are only produced when virus acquisition occurs in the larval stages.
At least nine species of thrips have been suggested as vectors of tospoviruses; however, only seven of these vector associations are supported by adequate experimental data.
Further experimental confirmation is required to validate Scirtothrips dorsalis and Frankliniella schultzei as vectors of groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) and F. tenuicornis as a vector of TSWV. Although Thrips tabaci was a major vector of TSWV in the past, this species does not transmit contemporary TSWV isolates.
Several new vector-tospovirus associations have emerged, including T. palmi as a vector of GBNV and watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMV), F. intonsa as a vector of TSWV, tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV), and groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV), F. schultzei as a vector of TCSV and GRSV, and F. occidentalis as a vector of TCSV, GRSV, and INSV. Past achievements and recent advances in understanding thrips-tospovirus interactions are reviewed and potential future research directions are discussed.
Authors
D.E. Ullman
Keywords
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