Articles
SURVIVAL, GROWTH AND YIELD OF ‘CAROGEM’ PEACH ON AN INTERSTEM AND TWO DWARFING ROOTSTOCKS
Article number
732_45
Pages
303 – 306
Language
English
Abstract
Size controlling rootstocks for intensive orchard systems, and interstems to delay phenology to reduce frost risk, were evaluated for peach in South Carolina.
A high-density Carogem peach orchard was established on heavy clay soil in February 1998 at the Musser Fruit Research Center, near Clemson, South Carolina.
The orchard had 4-tree plots of four treatments consisting of ‘Carogem’ budded to a 30-40 cm Prunus sp. interstem (=PK1) on Lovell rootstock, and to three other non-peach rootstocks, Jaspi, Pumiselect® and Micronette. Trees were spaced at 2.2 x 6.1 m and trained to a Kearney perpendicular-V system.
Full bloom date, fruit maturity date, fruit yield, fruit size, trunk cross-sectional area, bacterial canker (Pseudomonas syringae) resistance and survival were recorded annually through 2003. All Carogem on Jaspi trees died in the springs of 1999 and 2000 from bacterial canker.
After 6 years, PK1 interstem trees had a lower survival percentage (68%) than trees on P. pumila rootstocks (81-88%). The majority of these dead trees died from waterlogging and Phytophthora spp.
Some trees on P. pumila rootstocks were leaning.
PK1 interstem trees delayed full bloom by an average of 8 days for 4 years when compared to the two P. pumila rootstocks.
Scion trunk cross-sectional area was significantly reduced by 18% on Pumiselect® rootstock.
Pruning times and pruning weights for P. pumila rootstocks in January 2004 were reduced by an average of 20% and 45%, respectively, compared to PK1 trees.
The PK1 interstem delayed fruit maturity an average of ~2 days and had the highest cumulative fruit yields, followed by Micronette and then Pumiselect®. PK1 trees also had the highest cumulative yield efficiency and fruit size was ~25% larger than with P. pumila trees. Jaspi was highly susceptible to bacterial canker, but the P. pumila rootstocks survived as well as or better than Lovell rootstock.
A high-density Carogem peach orchard was established on heavy clay soil in February 1998 at the Musser Fruit Research Center, near Clemson, South Carolina.
The orchard had 4-tree plots of four treatments consisting of ‘Carogem’ budded to a 30-40 cm Prunus sp. interstem (=PK1) on Lovell rootstock, and to three other non-peach rootstocks, Jaspi, Pumiselect® and Micronette. Trees were spaced at 2.2 x 6.1 m and trained to a Kearney perpendicular-V system.
Full bloom date, fruit maturity date, fruit yield, fruit size, trunk cross-sectional area, bacterial canker (Pseudomonas syringae) resistance and survival were recorded annually through 2003. All Carogem on Jaspi trees died in the springs of 1999 and 2000 from bacterial canker.
After 6 years, PK1 interstem trees had a lower survival percentage (68%) than trees on P. pumila rootstocks (81-88%). The majority of these dead trees died from waterlogging and Phytophthora spp.
Some trees on P. pumila rootstocks were leaning.
PK1 interstem trees delayed full bloom by an average of 8 days for 4 years when compared to the two P. pumila rootstocks.
Scion trunk cross-sectional area was significantly reduced by 18% on Pumiselect® rootstock.
Pruning times and pruning weights for P. pumila rootstocks in January 2004 were reduced by an average of 20% and 45%, respectively, compared to PK1 trees.
The PK1 interstem delayed fruit maturity an average of ~2 days and had the highest cumulative fruit yields, followed by Micronette and then Pumiselect®. PK1 trees also had the highest cumulative yield efficiency and fruit size was ~25% larger than with P. pumila trees. Jaspi was highly susceptible to bacterial canker, but the P. pumila rootstocks survived as well as or better than Lovell rootstock.
Publication
Authors
G.L. Reighard, D.R. Ouellette, K.H. Brock
Keywords
Prunus persica L., Kearney-V, training systems, high density orchards
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