Articles
Effect of UV light on the accumulation of bioactive compounds and expression of related biosynthesis genes in red perilla
Article number
1271_22
Pages
155 – 162
Language
English
Abstract
Red perilla (Perilla frutescens) is used as food, crude drug, and cosmetics.
The major bioactive compounds of red perilla are perillaldehyde, rosmarinic acid, luteolin, and anthocyanin.
In this study, we evaluated the effects of UV light on the accumulation of the bioactive compounds and gene expression of related enzymes under controlled environments.
Red perilla was cultivated in a controlled-environment room for 35-42 days after germination.
The growing condition was air temperature 25/20°C (light/dark), R.H. 70%, light period 16 h, 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1 of PPFD and CO2 conc. 1000 ppm.
The plants were exposed to UV-B light of 1.0 W m‑2 for 3 days.
The concentrations of perillaldehyde (PA), rosmarinic acid (RA), and anthocyanin (ANT) were measured by HPLC. The expression levels of genes related to RA and ANT synthesis were analyzed by RT-RT-PCR. The PA and RA concentrations at 3 days after the start of UV irradiation increased compared to that of the control.
The expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and thyrosin aminotransferase (TAT), key genes of the phenylpropanoid pathway for RA synthesis, was higher at 48-72 h in the UV treated plants than those in the control after the start of UV irradiation.
The RA concentration increased as a result of antioxidant response to the ROS generated by exposure to UV light.
The expression of five genes in the flavonoid pathway increased 24 h after the start of UV irradiation.
Total ORAC values of the plants under UV treatment was higher than in the control.
Based on the results, we conclude that a short period of UV-B irradiation stimulates the phenylpropanoid pathway for the biosynthesis of RA, and drives the flavonoid pathway for production of ANT, in addition to enhancing the production of other antioxidant compounds.
The major bioactive compounds of red perilla are perillaldehyde, rosmarinic acid, luteolin, and anthocyanin.
In this study, we evaluated the effects of UV light on the accumulation of the bioactive compounds and gene expression of related enzymes under controlled environments.
Red perilla was cultivated in a controlled-environment room for 35-42 days after germination.
The growing condition was air temperature 25/20°C (light/dark), R.H. 70%, light period 16 h, 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1 of PPFD and CO2 conc. 1000 ppm.
The plants were exposed to UV-B light of 1.0 W m‑2 for 3 days.
The concentrations of perillaldehyde (PA), rosmarinic acid (RA), and anthocyanin (ANT) were measured by HPLC. The expression levels of genes related to RA and ANT synthesis were analyzed by RT-RT-PCR. The PA and RA concentrations at 3 days after the start of UV irradiation increased compared to that of the control.
The expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and thyrosin aminotransferase (TAT), key genes of the phenylpropanoid pathway for RA synthesis, was higher at 48-72 h in the UV treated plants than those in the control after the start of UV irradiation.
The RA concentration increased as a result of antioxidant response to the ROS generated by exposure to UV light.
The expression of five genes in the flavonoid pathway increased 24 h after the start of UV irradiation.
Total ORAC values of the plants under UV treatment was higher than in the control.
Based on the results, we conclude that a short period of UV-B irradiation stimulates the phenylpropanoid pathway for the biosynthesis of RA, and drives the flavonoid pathway for production of ANT, in addition to enhancing the production of other antioxidant compounds.
Authors
E. Goto, K. Someya, E. Ogawa, S. Hikosaka
Keywords
controlled environment, LED, gene expression, phytochemical, secondary metabolite
Groups involved
- Division Greenhouse and Indoor Production Horticulture
- Division Precision Horticulture and Engineering
- Division Plant-Environment Interactions in Field Systems
- Working Group Nettings in Horticulture (subgroup of Protected Cultivation in Mild Winter Climates)
- Working Group Light in Horticulture
- Working Group Organic Greenhouse Horticulture
- Working Group Modelling Plant Growth, Environmental Control, Greenhouse Environment
- Working Group Protected Cultivation, Nettings and Screens for Mild Climates
- Working Group Vegetable Grafting
- Working Group Computational Fluid Dynamics in Agriculture
- Working Group Design and Automation in Integrated Indoor Production Systems
- Working Group Mechanization, Digitization, Sensing and Robotics
- Working Group Greenhouse Environment and Climate Control
- Commission Agroecology and Organic Farming Systems
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