Articles
Precision breeding and genome editing of wine and table grape cultivars for improving disease resistance
Article number
1418_25
Pages
199 – 204
Language
English
Abstract
Grape production faces challenges worldwide due to fungal and bacterial pathogens impacting fruit quality and yield.
Traditional breeding methods encounter limitations in enhancing disease resistance due to the complexities of the grapevine genome and breeding barriers among Vitis species.
Precision breeding offers a promising approach, facilitating the transfer of specific traits while preserving desirable characteristics in commercial cultivars.
This advancement has been made possible through the development of efficient plant regeneration and gene insertion techniques, coupled with a deeper understanding of the Vitis genome.
The current research delves into the application of precision breeding in grapevines by utilizing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing to disrupt the Mildew Locus O (MLO) genes and evaluate plant responses to Erysiphe necator infection.
Forty-seven edited plant lines were successfully generated based on hygromycin resistance, followed by acclimatization under high humidity conditions and greenhouse transfer.
Verification of MLO editing in the plant lines was conducted through PCR and genome sequencing.
Subsequent screening revealed that three of the edited plant lines exhibited a notable reduction in powdery mildew symptoms and infection severity when compared to control plants.
Furthermore, ongoing efforts include assessing additional edited lines for powdery mildew resistance and exploring genome editing in other Vitis cultivars.
The use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology holds promise in providing sustainable disease resistance, potentially enhancing the economic viability and environmental sustainability of the grape and wine industry.
Traditional breeding methods encounter limitations in enhancing disease resistance due to the complexities of the grapevine genome and breeding barriers among Vitis species.
Precision breeding offers a promising approach, facilitating the transfer of specific traits while preserving desirable characteristics in commercial cultivars.
This advancement has been made possible through the development of efficient plant regeneration and gene insertion techniques, coupled with a deeper understanding of the Vitis genome.
The current research delves into the application of precision breeding in grapevines by utilizing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing to disrupt the Mildew Locus O (MLO) genes and evaluate plant responses to Erysiphe necator infection.
Forty-seven edited plant lines were successfully generated based on hygromycin resistance, followed by acclimatization under high humidity conditions and greenhouse transfer.
Verification of MLO editing in the plant lines was conducted through PCR and genome sequencing.
Subsequent screening revealed that three of the edited plant lines exhibited a notable reduction in powdery mildew symptoms and infection severity when compared to control plants.
Furthermore, ongoing efforts include assessing additional edited lines for powdery mildew resistance and exploring genome editing in other Vitis cultivars.
The use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology holds promise in providing sustainable disease resistance, potentially enhancing the economic viability and environmental sustainability of the grape and wine industry.
Publication
Authors
P. Sardaru, C.L. Jackson, C. Wood, X. Dai, Yunde Zhao, S. Dhekney
Keywords
Vitis, grapevine, powdery mildew, MLO, CRISPR/Cas9
Online Articles (52)