Articles
Assessment of ‘Frontenac’ and ‘King of the North’ as potential genotypes for late harvest and ice wine production in North Dakota
Article number
1418_29
Pages
229 – 236
Language
English
Abstract
Late harvest wines and ice wines provide an opportunity for grapevine growers to achieve potentially higher returns for niche regionally distinct wines.
In North Dakota, USA, a state where grapevine growers are challenged by extreme cold events, late harvest wines and ice wines give producers a scenario in which they may profit from the environmental obstacles which limit their regional viticulture. ‘Frontenac’ and ‘King of the North’, two commonly planted grapevines in the Upper Midwest and Northern Great Plains USA, were evaluated for their potential for late harvest and ice wines via monitoring yield components and fruit chemistry across three harvest dates (standard, late, and ice wine conditions). Both cultivars struggled with yield reduction as time proceeded. ‘King of the North’ rachises lacked structural integrity following freeze events, and it was omitted from evaluation in the second season.
While ‘Frontenac’ rachis integrity was also compromised by freeze events it was evaluated across two consecutive growing seasons. ‘Frontenac’ must soluble solid content increased from 24.0 for standard harvest up to 27.3 for late harvest before reaching 35.5 Brix for the ice harvest during the 2017 season.
In contrast, the must titratable acidity did not continue to fall with harvest date, after the initial shift from 17.3 (standard) to 13.3 g L-1 (late). Late harvest and ice wine harvest warrant further consideration for the state’s grapevine growers; however, to ensure sustainable production practices, more cultivars must be examined with a focus on rachis lignification prior to frost and subsequent cluster integrity after freeze events.
In North Dakota, USA, a state where grapevine growers are challenged by extreme cold events, late harvest wines and ice wines give producers a scenario in which they may profit from the environmental obstacles which limit their regional viticulture. ‘Frontenac’ and ‘King of the North’, two commonly planted grapevines in the Upper Midwest and Northern Great Plains USA, were evaluated for their potential for late harvest and ice wines via monitoring yield components and fruit chemistry across three harvest dates (standard, late, and ice wine conditions). Both cultivars struggled with yield reduction as time proceeded. ‘King of the North’ rachises lacked structural integrity following freeze events, and it was omitted from evaluation in the second season.
While ‘Frontenac’ rachis integrity was also compromised by freeze events it was evaluated across two consecutive growing seasons. ‘Frontenac’ must soluble solid content increased from 24.0 for standard harvest up to 27.3 for late harvest before reaching 35.5 Brix for the ice harvest during the 2017 season.
In contrast, the must titratable acidity did not continue to fall with harvest date, after the initial shift from 17.3 (standard) to 13.3 g L-1 (late). Late harvest and ice wine harvest warrant further consideration for the state’s grapevine growers; however, to ensure sustainable production practices, more cultivars must be examined with a focus on rachis lignification prior to frost and subsequent cluster integrity after freeze events.
Publication
Authors
A. Svyantek, J.E. Stenger, N. Theisen, M. Brooke, C. Auwarter, H. Hatterman-Valenti
Keywords
cold hardiness, cold hardy grapevines, delayed harvest, fruit composition, titratable acidity
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