Articles
Variation, correlations, and observations of applied selection in diverse interspecific cold-hardy bunch grapes
Article number
1418_34
Pages
267 – 274
Language
English
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis spp.) breeding is critical to future success of grape growers in North Dakota, USA and other similar regions with brief growing seasons and severe cold.
Across the North Dakota State University Grape Germplasm Enhancement ProjectRSQUOs breeding plots, screening and selection were conducted simultaneously in mid-August, 2020 for 505 diverse, interspecific breeding lines.
Vines were visually rated for yield traits, cane lignification, and cumulative foliar pathogen prevalence (powdery mildew [Erysiphe necator] and downy mildew [Plasmopara viticola]); berries were organoleptically scored for acidity, herbaceousness, and seed maturity; berry samples were collected and analyzed for berry mass and chemistry (soluble solid content [SSC], total acidity [TA], and pH). An overall mean TA of 23.3 g L-1, pH of 2.95, and SSC of 18.3 Brix were observed across all breeding lines.
Culled lines (n=276) had averages of 25.0 g L-1 for TA, 2.91 for pH, and 17.6 Brix.
Lines advanced for further testing (n=17) had a mean TA of 18.6 g L-1, a pH of 3.04, and a SSC of 19.9 Brix.
The performance of field based phenotypic selection was compared to varying thresholds of culling and advancement rates.
Simultaneously, the cumulative breeding lines were assessed for correlations among critical traits to improve informed selection in applied grapevine breeding scenarios.
As breeding programs continue to stretch the boundaries of traditional viticulture, employing diverse material to improve grapevine germplasm, rapid and accurate selection methodologies must be paired with traditional field selection of high performing vines to ensure grower focused deliverables for climate resilience and crop quality.
Across the North Dakota State University Grape Germplasm Enhancement ProjectRSQUOs breeding plots, screening and selection were conducted simultaneously in mid-August, 2020 for 505 diverse, interspecific breeding lines.
Vines were visually rated for yield traits, cane lignification, and cumulative foliar pathogen prevalence (powdery mildew [Erysiphe necator] and downy mildew [Plasmopara viticola]); berries were organoleptically scored for acidity, herbaceousness, and seed maturity; berry samples were collected and analyzed for berry mass and chemistry (soluble solid content [SSC], total acidity [TA], and pH). An overall mean TA of 23.3 g L-1, pH of 2.95, and SSC of 18.3 Brix were observed across all breeding lines.
Culled lines (n=276) had averages of 25.0 g L-1 for TA, 2.91 for pH, and 17.6 Brix.
Lines advanced for further testing (n=17) had a mean TA of 18.6 g L-1, a pH of 3.04, and a SSC of 19.9 Brix.
The performance of field based phenotypic selection was compared to varying thresholds of culling and advancement rates.
Simultaneously, the cumulative breeding lines were assessed for correlations among critical traits to improve informed selection in applied grapevine breeding scenarios.
As breeding programs continue to stretch the boundaries of traditional viticulture, employing diverse material to improve grapevine germplasm, rapid and accurate selection methodologies must be paired with traditional field selection of high performing vines to ensure grower focused deliverables for climate resilience and crop quality.
Publication
Authors
A. Svyantek, Z. Wang, V.R. Kadium, S. Bogenrief, J.E. Stenger, M. Brooke, C. Auwarter, H. Hatterman-Valenti
Keywords
cane lignification, fruit composition, fungal tolerance, grapevine breeding, organoleptic assessment, total acidity
Online Articles (52)