Articles
PRODUCTION AND DETECTION OF ARTEMISININ FROM ARTEMISIA ANNUA
Article number
390_5
Pages
41 – 50
Language
Abstract
Artemisia annua L., Asteraceae, a species native to China but naturalized in the United States, is the source of artemisinin (qinghaosu), an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone which is effective against sensitive and multi-drug resistant strains of Plasmodium, the malarial parasite.
A short-day species with a critical photoperiod of 13.5 h, non-juvenile plants flower two weeks after induction.
Artemisinin is produced in shoots with concentrations 10-fold higher in the inflorescence at anthesis than in leaves.
Biseriate glandular trichomes, which occur in leaves, receptacle, and florets of the capitulum, is the site of sequestration of artemisinin.
Although roots lack artemisinin, the presence of roots enhances artemisinin production in shoot cultures.
Artemisinin can be detected from crude plant extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography, with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC). An enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was developed which is ca. 400 times more sensitive than HPLC-EC and correlates with HPLC-EC results.
The polyclonal antibodies were highly sensitive to artemisinin but cross-reacted with artemisitene, deoxyartemisinin, arteannuin B, and, to a lesser extent, to arteannuic acid.
Cross-reactivity was circumvented by high dilutions of the samples.
A short-day species with a critical photoperiod of 13.5 h, non-juvenile plants flower two weeks after induction.
Artemisinin is produced in shoots with concentrations 10-fold higher in the inflorescence at anthesis than in leaves.
Biseriate glandular trichomes, which occur in leaves, receptacle, and florets of the capitulum, is the site of sequestration of artemisinin.
Although roots lack artemisinin, the presence of roots enhances artemisinin production in shoot cultures.
Artemisinin can be detected from crude plant extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography, with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC). An enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was developed which is ca. 400 times more sensitive than HPLC-EC and correlates with HPLC-EC results.
The polyclonal antibodies were highly sensitive to artemisinin but cross-reacted with artemisitene, deoxyartemisinin, arteannuin B, and, to a lesser extent, to arteannuic acid.
Cross-reactivity was circumvented by high dilutions of the samples.
Authors
J.F.S. Ferreira, J. Janick
Keywords
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