Articles
PIGMENTS OF SPECIES IN THE GENUS ROSA AND THEIR CHEMOTAXONOMIC VALUE
Article number
690_34
Pages
225 – 230
Language
English
Abstract
Delimitation of species in the genus Rosa has proven very difficult when using only anatomical and morphological characters.
Therefore, analysis of secondary chemical substances like carotenoids and flavonoids (mainly flavonols and anthocyanins) may provide a useful complement.
A comparative chromatographic analysis of pigment content was undertaken using samples of R. foetida (Section Luteae), R. spinosissima (Section Pimpinellifoliae) and R. canina, R. corymbifera, R. azerbaidzhanica, R. iberica, R. komarovii, R. nisami, R. prilipkoana, R. cuspidata, R. tomentosa and R. pulverulenta (Section Caninae). My results suggest that pigment contents provide a useful additional tool for systematic analysis of the species in the genus Rosa as well as in the whole Rosaceae family.
The highest number of different carotenoids is found in the fruits of R. corymbifera (12), whereas the highest number of flavonols is found in the flowers of R. azerbaidzhanica (6), and the highest number of anthocyanins in fruits of R. spinosissima (3) and in flowers of R. pulverulenta (4). In comparison with fruits, the flowers of the investigated species contain fewer carotenoids, but are richer in flavonols and anthocyanins.
The following pigments have been isolated and identified in rose fruits: alpha-, beta- and gamma-carotenes, zeaxanthin, lycopene, polycislycopene A and B, rubixanthin, taraxanthin, lutein, cantaxanthin, quercetin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, rutin, astragalin, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside and paeonidin-3-glucoside.
Therefore, analysis of secondary chemical substances like carotenoids and flavonoids (mainly flavonols and anthocyanins) may provide a useful complement.
A comparative chromatographic analysis of pigment content was undertaken using samples of R. foetida (Section Luteae), R. spinosissima (Section Pimpinellifoliae) and R. canina, R. corymbifera, R. azerbaidzhanica, R. iberica, R. komarovii, R. nisami, R. prilipkoana, R. cuspidata, R. tomentosa and R. pulverulenta (Section Caninae). My results suggest that pigment contents provide a useful additional tool for systematic analysis of the species in the genus Rosa as well as in the whole Rosaceae family.
The highest number of different carotenoids is found in the fruits of R. corymbifera (12), whereas the highest number of flavonols is found in the flowers of R. azerbaidzhanica (6), and the highest number of anthocyanins in fruits of R. spinosissima (3) and in flowers of R. pulverulenta (4). In comparison with fruits, the flowers of the investigated species contain fewer carotenoids, but are richer in flavonols and anthocyanins.
The following pigments have been isolated and identified in rose fruits: alpha-, beta- and gamma-carotenes, zeaxanthin, lycopene, polycislycopene A and B, rubixanthin, taraxanthin, lutein, cantaxanthin, quercetin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, rutin, astragalin, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside and paeonidin-3-glucoside.
Publication
Authors
E.N. Novruzov
Keywords
anthocyanins, carotenoids, chromatography, flavonoids, flavonols, rose-hip, secondary substance, systematics
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