Articles
EXPRESSION OF REGENERATION COMPETENCE FOR ADVENTITIOUS BUDDING, ROOTING AND SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS COMPARING TEMPERATE FRUIT TREE SPECIES
Article number
961_12
Pages
115 – 121
Language
English
Abstract
Fruit trees belong to the recalcitrant species to regeneration.
Neo-formed shoots, roots or somatic embryos appear after single culture sequences corresponding to successive phases of induction, initiation and finally elongation (roots), development (buds), or expression (somatic embryos) according to the organogenic process engaged.
Each of the successive steps required specific culture conditions to control according to the genotypes.
A comparison has been made between apple, plum, cherry and relevant trees triggering the commonalities between processes of regeneration.
Explants must have reached a sufficient physiological maturity before wounding and submitting them to treatments that will activate the perception capacity of the cells to exogenous and single growth regulator at the highest frequency.
A gradient of response to the organogenic process highlights more numerous targeted cells in the proximal areas of sub-apical leaves and main roots.
The other areas of the explants are involved with optimizing the regeneration conditions.
Several cell layers are targeted simultaneously to organize and form new buds and roots on the expression medium.
Adventitious budding and somatic embryogenesis can be sustained along subcultures on the expression medium.
Through adapted hormonal balance, it is possible to target the layer origin for regenerating buds and the organ for somatic embryos.
According to the different levels in root cells competence, various organogenic programs simultaneously occur.
This comparison shows a similar approach of any regeneration process for any genotype of fruit tree, somatic embryogenesis staying genetic dependent.
Neo-formed shoots, roots or somatic embryos appear after single culture sequences corresponding to successive phases of induction, initiation and finally elongation (roots), development (buds), or expression (somatic embryos) according to the organogenic process engaged.
Each of the successive steps required specific culture conditions to control according to the genotypes.
A comparison has been made between apple, plum, cherry and relevant trees triggering the commonalities between processes of regeneration.
Explants must have reached a sufficient physiological maturity before wounding and submitting them to treatments that will activate the perception capacity of the cells to exogenous and single growth regulator at the highest frequency.
A gradient of response to the organogenic process highlights more numerous targeted cells in the proximal areas of sub-apical leaves and main roots.
The other areas of the explants are involved with optimizing the regeneration conditions.
Several cell layers are targeted simultaneously to organize and form new buds and roots on the expression medium.
Adventitious budding and somatic embryogenesis can be sustained along subcultures on the expression medium.
Through adapted hormonal balance, it is possible to target the layer origin for regenerating buds and the organ for somatic embryos.
According to the different levels in root cells competence, various organogenic programs simultaneously occur.
This comparison shows a similar approach of any regeneration process for any genotype of fruit tree, somatic embryogenesis staying genetic dependent.
Authors
PH. Druart, K. Ben Mahmoud, S. Richet, V. Kondakhova
Keywords
fruit species, cell competence, adventitious budding, somatic embryogenesis, regeneration
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