Articles
HISTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF CHERRY ROOTSTOCKS
Article number
795_49
Pages
339 – 344
Language
English
Abstract
In trials of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) trees on dwarfing rootstocks in Hungary, some trees show water deficiency symptoms during the hot summer.
There are some indications that the histological structure of the stem may influence water transport in xylem and phloem.
Considering these possible relationships, the histological structure of stems of different cherry rootstocks such as GiSelA 5, P. fruticosa Prob, P. mahaleb (L.) SL 64, Magyar, Bogdány, Brokforest (MaxMa 14), P. cerasus (L.) CAB 11E and Mazzard was investigated.
During endodormancy, cross-sections of one-year-old shoots were studied by scanning electron microscope.
In preliminary analyses of the P. mahaleb, P. avium and P. cerasus rootstocks, the xylem surface area in the stem cross-sections was double that of the phloem, while in GiSelA 5, we found an opposite ratio with a considerably smaller xylem surface area.
In addition, the average tracheid diameter in stems of GiSelA 5 was found to be considerably smaller compared to the other rootstocks.
Considering the low xylem ratio in the stem cross-section of GiSelA 5, the porosity of the whole stem is smallest in this rootstock and in P. fruticosa Prob. Sweet cherry trees on both rootstocks suffer from water deficiency on hot summer days.
It is notable that the porosity in P. cerasus CAB 11E is the largest.
If the xylem morphology and tracheid lumen ratio in the young xylem of the rootstock portion of sweet cherry trees grafted on GiSelA 5 or Prob remains the same, this large difference in stem structure may influence the xylem transport and storage capacity of the trees, which may lead to water deficiency on hot summer days.
There are some indications that the histological structure of the stem may influence water transport in xylem and phloem.
Considering these possible relationships, the histological structure of stems of different cherry rootstocks such as GiSelA 5, P. fruticosa Prob, P. mahaleb (L.) SL 64, Magyar, Bogdány, Brokforest (MaxMa 14), P. cerasus (L.) CAB 11E and Mazzard was investigated.
During endodormancy, cross-sections of one-year-old shoots were studied by scanning electron microscope.
In preliminary analyses of the P. mahaleb, P. avium and P. cerasus rootstocks, the xylem surface area in the stem cross-sections was double that of the phloem, while in GiSelA 5, we found an opposite ratio with a considerably smaller xylem surface area.
In addition, the average tracheid diameter in stems of GiSelA 5 was found to be considerably smaller compared to the other rootstocks.
Considering the low xylem ratio in the stem cross-section of GiSelA 5, the porosity of the whole stem is smallest in this rootstock and in P. fruticosa Prob. Sweet cherry trees on both rootstocks suffer from water deficiency on hot summer days.
It is notable that the porosity in P. cerasus CAB 11E is the largest.
If the xylem morphology and tracheid lumen ratio in the young xylem of the rootstock portion of sweet cherry trees grafted on GiSelA 5 or Prob remains the same, this large difference in stem structure may influence the xylem transport and storage capacity of the trees, which may lead to water deficiency on hot summer days.
Publication
Authors
GY. Végvári, K. Hrotkó, L. Magyar, A. Hajagos, K. Csigai
Keywords
Prunus avium, plant histology, scanning electron microscopy, water deficiency
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