Persian gardens: then and now

Persian gardens are the best proof of the dominance of man over nature.
Iranian ingenuity created paradises in the heart of the desert.
The Persian garden was part of complete and perfect creation, both in itself and as an image of heaven.
In such a garden, all is held in balance by the sacred geometry of confining wall or courtyard facade.
These defined rectangular spaces were quartered by intersecting canals or pathways; mostly known as Chahar Bagh.
At the interception of Chahar Bagh might be a pavilion, or the center might be a tree or pool, most commonly in a geometric form.
Infinite harmonies were possible within this space.
Trees provided shade, flowers, drifts of scent and color, the sound of birds.
Above all these was the water.
Persian gardeners were artists with it; water was used all around the garden as flowing in canals, or pools and fountains.
The choice of the garden site, the site plan, correct use of water, and knowledge of the plants and their needs, created the lovely paradises that we call “Persian Gardens”, of which several have survived the test of time.
Four major elements of Persian gardens namely, site, water, plants, and structures will be reviewed in this paper.

I International Conference and X National Horticultural Science Congress of Iran (IrHC2017)

G. Rouhani

Persian garden, Iran garden, garden elements

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2021.1315.100