Articles
Evolution of terpene synthase (TPS) genes in Rosaceae and exploration of key genes for floral scent biosynthesis in Rosa chinensis
Article number
1434_21
Pages
151 – 158
Language
English
Abstract
Rosaceae is a moderate-sized family of angiosperms, consisting of approximately 3000 species, and is known for its large number of ornamental woody plants.
Many species of Rosaceae have pleasant floral and fruity aromas, largely attributed to the contribution of terpenes.
Terpene synthases (TPS) play a crucial role in the biosynthesis of terpenes.
Here, we systematically elucidate the evolutionary patterns of TPS genes in Rosaceae.
The results revealed that TPS genes can be divided into five subfamilies (TPS-a, TPS-b, TPS-c, TPS-g, and TPS-e/f). Within TPS-a, two clades (a-R1 and a-R2) were identified, and TPS-b consisted of three clades (b-R1, b-R2, and b-R3). In addition, the gene numbers of TPS-a, especially the a-R2 clade in Rosa chinensis, an important ornamental flower in Roseae, were significantly more than those in other Rosaceae plants.
We found that proximal and tandem duplications mainly occurring on chromosomes 1 and 5 in R. chinensis were the primary driving forces behind this expansion.
Based on transcriptomic data of R. chinensis, three TPS genes (Rc_5g0038101, Rc_5g0059501, and Rc_5g0059511) of the a-R2 clade were highly expressed specifically in flowers and we speculated that these TPS genes may play primary roles in the biosynthesis of floral scent.
Our study will facilitate ongoing research on TPS genes in terms of their evolutionary history and floral scent evolution in Rosaceae.
Many species of Rosaceae have pleasant floral and fruity aromas, largely attributed to the contribution of terpenes.
Terpene synthases (TPS) play a crucial role in the biosynthesis of terpenes.
Here, we systematically elucidate the evolutionary patterns of TPS genes in Rosaceae.
The results revealed that TPS genes can be divided into five subfamilies (TPS-a, TPS-b, TPS-c, TPS-g, and TPS-e/f). Within TPS-a, two clades (a-R1 and a-R2) were identified, and TPS-b consisted of three clades (b-R1, b-R2, and b-R3). In addition, the gene numbers of TPS-a, especially the a-R2 clade in Rosa chinensis, an important ornamental flower in Roseae, were significantly more than those in other Rosaceae plants.
We found that proximal and tandem duplications mainly occurring on chromosomes 1 and 5 in R. chinensis were the primary driving forces behind this expansion.
Based on transcriptomic data of R. chinensis, three TPS genes (Rc_5g0038101, Rc_5g0059501, and Rc_5g0059511) of the a-R2 clade were highly expressed specifically in flowers and we speculated that these TPS genes may play primary roles in the biosynthesis of floral scent.
Our study will facilitate ongoing research on TPS genes in terms of their evolutionary history and floral scent evolution in Rosaceae.
Authors
Q. Wang, J. Jiang, Y. Xia, L. Zhang, X. Wang
Keywords
Rosaceae, TPS gene, phylogenetic analysis, gene duplication, expression pattern
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