Articles
Characteristics and appreciation style of Japanese irises (Hana-shoubu) 1. Edo-group and Higo-group
Article number
1434_51
Pages
367 – 378
Language
English
Abstract
Hana-shoubu is bred by Matsudaira Sakingo (Shou-ou) based on Japanese wild iris during the Edo period.
The cultivars spread to Edo Horikiri area, eventually becoming known as “Edo-group”. The Edo-group is characterized by having three perianth that become horizontal to the floral axis during blooming.
So, allowing for the appreciation of the clustered flowers from above when planted in flower garden.
The fact that the appreciation style was popular among the common people of Edo could be read from Japanese woodblock prints (Ukiyo-e) of the time.
It was thought that the area was a wetland, which was an appropriate environment for Hana-shoubu, and the easy access to the garden from Edo led to the unique ornamental culture that has taken root to the current day.
Origin of the Edo-group that build this culture suggested that Japanese wild iris from “Kuruma-yama” and “Nyukasa-yama” in Nagano Prefecture and “Odashirogahara” in Tochigi Prefecture likely contributed to its breeding by using Esterase isozyme analysis.
Hana-shoubu was transferred to Narimori Hosokawa in the Higo region from Shou-ou, and was bred by the flower organization “Hanaren” based on the spirit of “Bushido”. The cultivars characterized by its large, six-perianth flowers that droop in a luxurious display, came to be known as the “Higo-group”. It is cultivated in pots for indoor display against folding screens, viewed from the front.
Morphological studies using mutant individuals of Japanese wild iris suggested that the reason for the six perianth was that the inner perianth have become outer perianth-like.
To assist in identifying the Edo-group used in these cultivations, esterase isozyme analysis was conducted.
The results suggested that ‘Ousyoukun’, ‘Renjyo-no-tama’, ‘Uchu’, and ‘Tatsutagawa’ were involved in the breeding.
From the above, it became clear that these groups were bred and developed to suit the cultural appreciation styles of their respective regions.
The cultivars spread to Edo Horikiri area, eventually becoming known as “Edo-group”. The Edo-group is characterized by having three perianth that become horizontal to the floral axis during blooming.
So, allowing for the appreciation of the clustered flowers from above when planted in flower garden.
The fact that the appreciation style was popular among the common people of Edo could be read from Japanese woodblock prints (Ukiyo-e) of the time.
It was thought that the area was a wetland, which was an appropriate environment for Hana-shoubu, and the easy access to the garden from Edo led to the unique ornamental culture that has taken root to the current day.
Origin of the Edo-group that build this culture suggested that Japanese wild iris from “Kuruma-yama” and “Nyukasa-yama” in Nagano Prefecture and “Odashirogahara” in Tochigi Prefecture likely contributed to its breeding by using Esterase isozyme analysis.
Hana-shoubu was transferred to Narimori Hosokawa in the Higo region from Shou-ou, and was bred by the flower organization “Hanaren” based on the spirit of “Bushido”. The cultivars characterized by its large, six-perianth flowers that droop in a luxurious display, came to be known as the “Higo-group”. It is cultivated in pots for indoor display against folding screens, viewed from the front.
Morphological studies using mutant individuals of Japanese wild iris suggested that the reason for the six perianth was that the inner perianth have become outer perianth-like.
To assist in identifying the Edo-group used in these cultivations, esterase isozyme analysis was conducted.
The results suggested that ‘Ousyoukun’, ‘Renjyo-no-tama’, ‘Uchu’, and ‘Tatsutagawa’ were involved in the breeding.
From the above, it became clear that these groups were bred and developed to suit the cultural appreciation styles of their respective regions.
Authors
T. Kobayashi, T. Tabuchi
Keywords
Edo-region, Iris, Higo-region, ornamental culture, traditional horticultural plant, Ukiyo-e
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