Articles
Flowering patterns of once- and continuous-flowering climbing roses (Rosa L.)
Article number
1461_11
Pages
105 – 110
Language
English
Abstract
Changes in the timing and duration of flowering due to climatic factors require focused attention.
In this study, ten climbing rose cultivars grown in an experimental field plot in southern Kraków, Poland (temperate zone) were observed, from 2017 to 2019. Meteorological conditions varied over the three years, affecting flowering behaviour, including flowering time and intensity.
Two types of flowering habits were confirmed over the three-year period: continuous-flowering cultivars (‘Abraham Darby’, ‘Coral Dawn’, ‘Eden Rose’, ‘Heritage’, ‘Schneewittchen’, ‘Sympathie’) and once-flowering cultivars (‘Alchemist’, ‘American Pillar’, ‘Excelsa’, ‘Flammentanz’). In 2018, all cultivars began flowering in the last ten days of May.
However, in 2017 and 2019, the first rose flowers appeared throughout June, depending on the cultivar.
The average length of the entire flowering period across three years ranged from 38 days (‘Alchemist’) to 49 days (‘Excelsa’) for once-flowering cultivars, and from 70 days (‘Coral Dawn’) to 107 days (‘Schneewittchen’) for continuous-flowering cultivars.
Nine cultivars reached full bloom (100% flowering stems per shrub) each year, while ‘Abraham Darby’ achieved full bloom only in two years, with a peak bloom of 75% in one of the years.
For continuous-flowering cultivars, the end of flowering was typically determined by the first autumn frosts, occurring on September 12, 2017; October 15, 2018; and October 9, 2019.
In this study, ten climbing rose cultivars grown in an experimental field plot in southern Kraków, Poland (temperate zone) were observed, from 2017 to 2019. Meteorological conditions varied over the three years, affecting flowering behaviour, including flowering time and intensity.
Two types of flowering habits were confirmed over the three-year period: continuous-flowering cultivars (‘Abraham Darby’, ‘Coral Dawn’, ‘Eden Rose’, ‘Heritage’, ‘Schneewittchen’, ‘Sympathie’) and once-flowering cultivars (‘Alchemist’, ‘American Pillar’, ‘Excelsa’, ‘Flammentanz’). In 2018, all cultivars began flowering in the last ten days of May.
However, in 2017 and 2019, the first rose flowers appeared throughout June, depending on the cultivar.
The average length of the entire flowering period across three years ranged from 38 days (‘Alchemist’) to 49 days (‘Excelsa’) for once-flowering cultivars, and from 70 days (‘Coral Dawn’) to 107 days (‘Schneewittchen’) for continuous-flowering cultivars.
Nine cultivars reached full bloom (100% flowering stems per shrub) each year, while ‘Abraham Darby’ achieved full bloom only in two years, with a peak bloom of 75% in one of the years.
For continuous-flowering cultivars, the end of flowering was typically determined by the first autumn frosts, occurring on September 12, 2017; October 15, 2018; and October 9, 2019.
Authors
A. Kapczyńska, J. Mazur, Z. Włodarczyk
Keywords
flowering, growing season, ornamental climbers, Rosaceae
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