Articles

ANTAGONIST ACTIVITY BETWEEN AUREOBASIDIUM PULLULANS AND PENICILLIUM EXPANSUM IN PYRUS COMMUNIS L. ‘ROCHA’ – IMPLICATIONS ON THE ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCE SYSTEM

Article number
934_50
Pages
393 – 400
Language
English
Abstract
The use of antagonistic yeasts to control pathogen-induced post harvest diseases, as an alternative to fungicides, appears to be promising.
In this context, the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans, a wide-spread saprophyte in the phyllosphere, is known to control the Penicillium expansum (blue mold pathogen) in pears.
This infection initiates in wounds at harvest and packing, and is closely associated with the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As ROS induced oxidative stress may have many detrimental effects, microorganisms that attempt to colonize fresh wounds must cope with this stress triggered at wounding.
During long-term storage at low-temperature, oxidative stress may be alleviated by superoxide dismutase and catalase.
These enzymes play an important role in the formation and degradation of H2O2, while ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase are involved in ascorbate regeneration.
In this work, the control by A. pullulans on the pathogen P. expansum was investigated, following the hypothesis that an effective antagonist must possess resistance mechanisms to oxidative stress.
To this purpose, the interactions between ascorbate content, the kinetics of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11), glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) were assessed on ‘Rocha’ pears (Pyrus communis L. ‘Rocha’) harvested at commercial maturity stage (based on color attributes, L*a*b*) and stored for 5 months at 0.5°C and 95% RH. In wounds infected with P. expansum and inoculated with A. pullulans, the levels of ascorbate decreased whereas the activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase increased.
The antioxidant defence systems are discussed considering the implications on the metabolic retardation of tissue senescence.

Publication
Authors
F.J.C. Lidon, J.C. Ramalho, I.P. Pais, C.S. Carvalho, A.P. Ramos , M.G. Barreiro
Keywords
Pyrus communis L. ‘Rocha’, Aureobasidium pullulans, Penicillium expansum
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