Articles
SINO-ROMANIAN COLLABORATION FOR WALNUT BREEDING
Article number
940_30
Pages
225 – 232
Language
English
Abstract
According to Scientific Research Programs started in 1995 and continued in 2009, approved by the Commission for Scientific and Technological Collaboration between Romania and the People`s Republic of China, some important collaboration themes were established.
Identification, breeding and propagation of walnut for the tolerance at biotic and non-biotic stress factors, germplasm exchanges of walnut, testing the biological material in different ecological condition of the two countries, study of the quality parameters of nuts and establish post-harvest technologies were the main topics of the Sino-Romanian collaboration.
Within the agreement, seven Romanian walnut cultivars (scions) were sent to China and were grafted for studying the various types of growth habits and cultivation techniques.
Five fruit cultivars, Sibişel precoce, Sibişel 44, Orăştie, Geoagiu 65 and Germisara were planted in three different locations in Shanxi Province: Fenyang, Yangqu and Xinzhou.
The other two cultivars were studied for wood production.
The results show that Orăştie had the best rate of grafting survival.
The grafting compatibility was good in general excepting Geoagiu 65. All Romanian cultivars begin to leaf and blossom later than the Chinese JinLong no. 2, control cultivar.
Those cultivars are extremely advanta-geous for China for breading new late-flowering cultivars resistant to late spring frosts. Geoagiu 65 proved to have higher vigor, being recommended for inter-cropping or for slope plantation.
All the Romanian cultivars proved to have a higher yield in the first ten years than the Jin-Long no. 2 and meet the requirements of the walnut nut quality standard GB/T 20398-2006. Even so, there were some postharvest problems regarding the fruit aspect, in some years, fruit kernels becoming blackish.
The common experience will continue by testing new walnut cultivars.
Identification, breeding and propagation of walnut for the tolerance at biotic and non-biotic stress factors, germplasm exchanges of walnut, testing the biological material in different ecological condition of the two countries, study of the quality parameters of nuts and establish post-harvest technologies were the main topics of the Sino-Romanian collaboration.
Within the agreement, seven Romanian walnut cultivars (scions) were sent to China and were grafted for studying the various types of growth habits and cultivation techniques.
Five fruit cultivars, Sibişel precoce, Sibişel 44, Orăştie, Geoagiu 65 and Germisara were planted in three different locations in Shanxi Province: Fenyang, Yangqu and Xinzhou.
The other two cultivars were studied for wood production.
The results show that Orăştie had the best rate of grafting survival.
The grafting compatibility was good in general excepting Geoagiu 65. All Romanian cultivars begin to leaf and blossom later than the Chinese JinLong no. 2, control cultivar.
Those cultivars are extremely advanta-geous for China for breading new late-flowering cultivars resistant to late spring frosts. Geoagiu 65 proved to have higher vigor, being recommended for inter-cropping or for slope plantation.
All the Romanian cultivars proved to have a higher yield in the first ten years than the Jin-Long no. 2 and meet the requirements of the walnut nut quality standard GB/T 20398-2006. Even so, there were some postharvest problems regarding the fruit aspect, in some years, fruit kernels becoming blackish.
The common experience will continue by testing new walnut cultivars.
Authors
R. Ciceoi, F. Stanica, G. Wang, Y.M. Chang, J. Wu
Keywords
late frost resistance, late-flowering, adaptability, quality
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