CALLUS FORMATION AND REGENERATION OF ADVENTITIOUS EMBRYOS FROM CARROT, FENNEL AND MITSUBA MICROSPORES BY ANTHER AND ISOLATED MICROSPORE CULTURES

Immature anthers were cultured on a half and full strength of Murashige and Skoog (½ MS and MS) an B5 media supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and with or without 0.1 mg/l BA during the period from May to June 1993 and 1994.

Calli and adventitious embryos developed from carrot microspores one month later by anther culture.
Calli regenerated from anthers of different stages on the media tested, and many adventitious buds and roots regenerated.
Adventitious embryos were directly obtained from anthers containing tetrad microspores, after microspores matured to uninucleate stage in the culture solution, and the rate of anthers regenerating embryos was from 1.8% to 4.3%. These embryos developed to plantlets on MS medium.

Fennel anthers formed calli on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-D, and then roots regenerated from the calli.
Roots continued to proliferate by subcultures.

Mitsuba anthers containing tetrad and uninucleate microspores formed calli especially on ½ MS and B5 media with 1 mg/l 2,4-D.

Carrot microspores were cultured in liquid NLN and ½ MS media supplemented with or without NAA, 2,4-D and BA, at the density of 2.5×10³ microspores/ml medium.
Many microspores of uninucleate stage developed to colonies on ½ MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-D and BA, and colonies were divided to many colonies by subcultures.