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Articles

LITTLE-KNOWN TROPICAL FRUITS: USE AND PERSPECTIVES

Article number
906_14
Pages
109 – 113
Language
Spanish
Abstract
Tropics offer a great variety of fruit and vegetable species.
Although, all of them exhibit nutritional, organoleptic or functional attributes required to be included in market chains, only few are usually consumed.
Others continue underused or even unknown.
Some issues could be responsible for this situation: accessibility to the resources, wild abundance, distribution of the specie, lack of information of benefits, traditional consumption uses, low production, make part of the bottleneck.
Nowadays the list of tropical underused species increases and some preliminary research results demonstrate their importance for many purposes.
There is not a unique strategy to solve this uneven situation for tropical less used fruit but multiple actions could be developed for these new species to get a new status among the fresh or processed products.
In Colombia, many underused fruits from the Myrtaceae, Passifloraceae, Palmaceae or Solanaceae family among others are identified as promising fruits for local or international market.
Arazá, camu camu, cocona, purple passion fruit and asaí are new dessert or processed fruits names for consumers.
Though, many years have been necessary to include some of them in local markets, research results in national institutions and experiences of local growers can be taken into account to enhance unexploited fruit uses in similar conditions, in other countries.
The international market could be another challenge because of standards result of its exigencies and supportive information requirements.
A strong network based on research and growers’ experience exchange could improve successful results in getting on the international markets.

Los trópicos poseen gran endemismo para especies de interés.
Sin embargo, a pesar de la abundante oferta, resulta evidente que el consumo de los productos hortifruticolas se reduce a unas pocas especies, tradicionalmente conocidas y muy bien caracterizadas por la población.
Las especies poco utilizadas poseen cualidades funcionales y nutricionales muy interesantes, que pueden ser utilizadas para su promoción en los mercados.
Algunas de las familias vegetales de mayor oferta son Myrtaceae, Passifloraceae, Palmaceae y Solanacea. Agunas de las especies con alto potencial son arazá, camu camu, cocona, fruto de la pasión morado o gulupa o asaí, cuyos contenidos de antioxidantes, vitaminas y demás compuestos de interés llegan a niveles muy superiores a las frutas u hortalizas de consumo habitual.
No existen soluciones únicas para cambiar esta situación de desconocimiento, sin embargo, algunos elementos que se han incorporado en la generación y fortalecimiento de las cadenas productivas en Colombia pueden servir de modelo para la generación de valor agregado en especies similares, en condiciones de nuestros trópicos.
La investigación y la innovación, sumado al acompañamiento de las empresas que aprovechan las especies de la diversidad hortifrutícola contribuyen de manera decisiva a este fortalecimiento.

Publication
Authors
M.S. Hernández-Gómez
Keywords
native, indigenous, promotion, Amazonian, underutilized fruit, Andean, neglected crops
Full text
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