DETERMINING THE CHILLING REQUIREMENTS AND GROWING DEGREE HOURS OF SOME PISTACHIO NUT CULTIVARS AND REGIONS

The experiments were carried out in two stages.
The aim of the first experiment was to determine the chilling requirements and the growing degree hours of the pistachio cultivars under experiment.
Two male pistachio types (Male-1 and Male-2), one Iranian (Ohadi) and four Turkish (Uzun, Halebi, Siirt and Kirmizi) cultivars were used.
Male-1 type has shown the least chilling requirement about 500 hours below 7°C and 550 chill units.
Among the female pistachio cultivars, Uzun was found as the least chilling requiring one (600 hours and 550 chill units), while Ohadi required the highest (1050 hours and 900 chill units). Also, the total growing degree hours of Ohadi was the highest (11500 GDH), and Kirmizi was the least (10700 GDH). On the other hand, a strong apical dominance of the pistachios controlled the opening of the axillary buds.

The aim of the second experiment was to determine the chilling durations and growing degree hours of the experimented pistachio areas to clerify the suitability of the cultivars to those regions.
The chilling durations of Gaziantep, Sanliurfa and Ceylanpinar which are the main pistachio growing areas were found sufficient for the budbreak of the major cultivars.
Also, Senir seems to be promising pistachio area in very near future.
The total growing degree hours of the experimental areas were the least in Ceylanpinar (around 61000), and it was followed by Senir and Gaziantep with 65000 GDH values.
The total GDH values of Sanliurfa was about 68000 and it was followed by Adana with 76000 GDH in summers to get filled and hulled nuts.

I International Symposium on Pistachio

A.B. Küden, N. Kaska, E. Tanriver, H. Tekin, B.E. Ak

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1995.419.12