Articles
CLONAL SELECTION AND VIRUS DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN CHRYSANTHEMUM (DENDRANTHEMA GRANDIFLORA TSVELEV)
Article number
482_29
Pages
197 – 202
Language
Abstract
In most of flower crops, such as carnation, Chrysanthemum and Gypsophila, a moderate genetic variability has been observed among individuals of a specific variety or cultivar.
The advances in clonal propagation through meristem culture and micropropagation of large amounts of plantlets derived from a selected clone, have been used with success in the clonal selection and propagation of individuals with superior agronomic characters.
In Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tsvelev, syn. Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat), we have observed that characters such as color, degree of compactness of florets, number of florets per stem and diameter of the upper floret, are influenced mainly by the genotype than by the environment.
Selected flowering "Polaris" and "Yellow" "Polaris" plants have been returned to a vegetative growth by pruning the floral stem and maintaining the base of the plant under long photoperiod conditions (15 hours of light). Derived vegetative cuttings have been clonally propagated through meristem culture.
On the other hand, the most important flower tospoviruses such as TSWV (Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus) and INSV (Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus) and viroids like Chysanthemum Stunt Viroid (Ch S V) have been eradicated.
In fact, virus and viroid-free mericlones derived from genetically selected clones can be multiplied in insect and trips proof greenhouses, giving rise to selected mother blocks and virus free cuttings.
The plantlets of each clone were adapted to ex vitro conditions in an insect and trips-proof greenhouse and handled as mother plants for several generations.
The derived cuttings of each generation of the pre-selected clones were rooted and evaluated in field conditions.
The yield and quality of the production of the most important varieties such as Polaris, Yellow Polaris, have been increased this way.
The vegetativity induced by the juvenility of the micropropagation system can be eliminated in those varieties by propagating three or four generations in an ex-vitro system.
The advances in clonal propagation through meristem culture and micropropagation of large amounts of plantlets derived from a selected clone, have been used with success in the clonal selection and propagation of individuals with superior agronomic characters.
In Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tsvelev, syn. Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat), we have observed that characters such as color, degree of compactness of florets, number of florets per stem and diameter of the upper floret, are influenced mainly by the genotype than by the environment.
Selected flowering "Polaris" and "Yellow" "Polaris" plants have been returned to a vegetative growth by pruning the floral stem and maintaining the base of the plant under long photoperiod conditions (15 hours of light). Derived vegetative cuttings have been clonally propagated through meristem culture.
On the other hand, the most important flower tospoviruses such as TSWV (Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus) and INSV (Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus) and viroids like Chysanthemum Stunt Viroid (Ch S V) have been eradicated.
In fact, virus and viroid-free mericlones derived from genetically selected clones can be multiplied in insect and trips proof greenhouses, giving rise to selected mother blocks and virus free cuttings.
The plantlets of each clone were adapted to ex vitro conditions in an insect and trips-proof greenhouse and handled as mother plants for several generations.
The derived cuttings of each generation of the pre-selected clones were rooted and evaluated in field conditions.
The yield and quality of the production of the most important varieties such as Polaris, Yellow Polaris, have been increased this way.
The vegetativity induced by the juvenility of the micropropagation system can be eliminated in those varieties by propagating three or four generations in an ex-vitro system.
Authors
A. Angarita
Keywords
Tospoviruses, micropropagation, juvenility
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