Articles

Grading banana by VNIR hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy

Article number
1194_181
Pages
1283 – 1290
Language
English
Abstract
Bananas are usually harvested in the green-ripe stage and once ripening begins, it is an irreversible process leading banana peel color changes from green to yellow, with brown spots appearing on the yellow color at the end of ripening.
The Von Loesecke ripening scale is used by the industry to classify through visual inspection the bananas into one of seven subclasses.
Similar scale has been assumed by COPLACA providing to their cooperatives a set of standard images of increasing stages or ripening.
This grading process, based on comparison, is very subjective.
The sector is demanding an objective procedure for obtaining an indicator able to reflect the real ripening stage.
In this paper banana fruit ripening stages were studied along the storage period in ripening chamber (12°C and 80-90% RH) by using hyperspectral imaging technique in the visible and near infrared (400-1000 nm) regions.
Two batches of 7 and 14 bananas were monitored.
Spectral patterns corresponding to the different ripening stages were distinguished.
The main changes in the relative reflectance spectra are located at 680 nm, where an absorption band of the chlorophyll is centered.
The scores of the first principal component (94.6% of the explained variance) of the principal component analysis applied on a calibration set of spectra, showed significant differences between the seven maturity classes.
Virtual images of banana based on this PCA were generated and spatially characterized in order to classify each individual fruit into one of the COPLACA classes.

Publication
Authors
B. Diezma, S. Franco, L. Lleó, T. Presečki, J.M. Roger
Keywords
multivariate analysis, vision system, Musa acuminata AAA, ripening classes
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