Articles
Durable use of fungicides for integrated control of some pathogens in apple orchards from Romania
Article number
1457_76
Pages
605 – 616
Language
English
Abstract
Romania’s pedo-climatic diversity provides favorable conditions for the cultivation of numerous fruit species, with apple being one of the most important crops in national and European horticulture.
However, soil variability, climate change, and heterogeneous technological practices favor the development of major apple pests and diseases.
The most damaging diseases include fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha), brown rot (Monilinia fructigena), and collar rot (Phytophthora cactorum), which can cause economic losses of 3,050-3,344 EUR ha-1 year-1 in the absence of integrated management.
Recent improvements in apple assortments, cultivation technologies, and the replacement of hazardous fungicides with innovative products highlight the need to evaluate disease control strategies under practical orchard conditions.
This study synthesizes results obtained over two decades, showing that among registered fungicides, 18.52% were contact, 3.71% translaminar, and 77.77% systemic.
Triazoles accounted for 37.04%, anilino-pyrimidines for 14.81%, while the remaining 48.15% belonged to eight other chemical groups, acting through diverse biochemical mechanisms.
However, soil variability, climate change, and heterogeneous technological practices favor the development of major apple pests and diseases.
The most damaging diseases include fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha), brown rot (Monilinia fructigena), and collar rot (Phytophthora cactorum), which can cause economic losses of 3,050-3,344 EUR ha-1 year-1 in the absence of integrated management.
Recent improvements in apple assortments, cultivation technologies, and the replacement of hazardous fungicides with innovative products highlight the need to evaluate disease control strategies under practical orchard conditions.
This study synthesizes results obtained over two decades, showing that among registered fungicides, 18.52% were contact, 3.71% translaminar, and 77.77% systemic.
Triazoles accounted for 37.04%, anilino-pyrimidines for 14.81%, while the remaining 48.15% belonged to eight other chemical groups, acting through diverse biochemical mechanisms.
Publication
Authors
F.C. Marin, M. Calinescu, M. Sumedrea, E. Chitu
Keywords
phytoprotection, diseases, active ingredients, sustainable use
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