Articles
CHARACTERIZATION, ADAPTATION AND SELECTION OF GARLIC GERMPLASM (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) THROUGH THE MANAGEMENT OF DORMANCY, IN MENDOZA, ARGENTINA
Article number
433_14
Pages
151 – 164
Language
Spanish
Abstract
The present work intends, under two different conditions of “seed” storage, to evaluate under local conditions the behavior of a broad bank germoplasm; to adjust the grouping of clones with similar agronomic characteristics; and to determine criteria for genetic selection of promising lines.
Garlic bulbs from 37 clones were stored in chamber at 15°C and at room temperature.
The Visual Index of Dormancy (VID) was measured, and any time it reached 70%, the cloves were planted.
Date of 50% sprouting was correlated with the harvest date of its corresponding “seed”. Correlations through Pearson’s Rho were calculated among: weight; diameter of bulb; plant cycle and dormancy.
The different dormancy periods of clones determine groups according to their agronomic behavior.
Yilds are lower for clones with shorter cycles.
The Specific Relative Weight (PER) of bulbs changes with chamber storage (according to genotype), and this can be used as selection index for germoplasm.
The same applies to the relation cycle/weight.
The correlations among dormancy versus diameter weight and PER, indicate that with long dormancy periods, plantation dates are delayed (which in turn reduces the net assimilation period), and as a consequence yields (diameter, weight and PER), are reduces significantly.
The correlations among cycle versus diameter and weight, indicate that the longer the cycle (specially between plantation and bulbification), the larger the yields.
This situation improves when the low temperature of the chamber storage allow a longer cycle, due to an earlier planting date.
The correlation between cyle and dormancy was negative even though it was not significant.
The addition of cycle + dormancy should be 365 days as a constant.
The changes of dormancy due to the low temperatures of the chamber (shortening this period), means an early plantation and a longer cycle.
Not all clones behave in the same way under these conditions, for that raison results ar not conclusive.
Clones from colder areas (and longer spring photoperiod) than those under this study, could be adapted if “seeds” are treated in chamber.
Clones from milder areas (and shorter spring photoperiod) than those under this study, did not improve their agronomic behavior even under chamber “seed” storage.
Garlic bulbs from 37 clones were stored in chamber at 15°C and at room temperature.
The Visual Index of Dormancy (VID) was measured, and any time it reached 70%, the cloves were planted.
Date of 50% sprouting was correlated with the harvest date of its corresponding “seed”. Correlations through Pearson’s Rho were calculated among: weight; diameter of bulb; plant cycle and dormancy.
The different dormancy periods of clones determine groups according to their agronomic behavior.
Yilds are lower for clones with shorter cycles.
The Specific Relative Weight (PER) of bulbs changes with chamber storage (according to genotype), and this can be used as selection index for germoplasm.
The same applies to the relation cycle/weight.
The correlations among dormancy versus diameter weight and PER, indicate that with long dormancy periods, plantation dates are delayed (which in turn reduces the net assimilation period), and as a consequence yields (diameter, weight and PER), are reduces significantly.
The correlations among cycle versus diameter and weight, indicate that the longer the cycle (specially between plantation and bulbification), the larger the yields.
This situation improves when the low temperature of the chamber storage allow a longer cycle, due to an earlier planting date.
The correlation between cyle and dormancy was negative even though it was not significant.
The addition of cycle + dormancy should be 365 days as a constant.
The changes of dormancy due to the low temperatures of the chamber (shortening this period), means an early plantation and a longer cycle.
Not all clones behave in the same way under these conditions, for that raison results ar not conclusive.
Clones from colder areas (and longer spring photoperiod) than those under this study, could be adapted if “seeds” are treated in chamber.
Clones from milder areas (and shorter spring photoperiod) than those under this study, did not improve their agronomic behavior even under chamber “seed” storage.
Publication
Authors
J.L.B. Gómez Riera
Keywords
garlic, clones, germoplasma, caracterization dormancy
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