Observation of pollination and fertilization of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

The research on stigma receptivity, pollination and fertilization and early embryo development complement the current knowledge of Chinese jujube.
Using Ziziphus jujuba LSQUOHuizaoRSQUO as female parent and LSQUOHupingzaoRSQUO as male pollinator, the flowering dynamics were observed in the field, and the pollen germination, pollination, fertilization and early embryonic development process at different developmental stages if stigma were observed microscopically.
The results show that the flower of Ziziphus jujuba LSQUOHuizaoRSQUO is a day-blooming type, and the opening time for a single flower is about 31 h, the best payable period is the petal wilting stage.
The pollen grains germinated on the stigma at the 2^nd hour after pollination, 8 h after pollination, pollen tubes continue to grow along the style tract, and a small amount of pollen tubes grow to 1/3 of the style, 36 h most pollen grains enter 2/3 of the ovary, until 72 h after pollination, the pollen grains reach the base of the style.
Pollination in the latter 3 days, the pollen tube enters the nucleus through the pearl hole to release two sperm cells, and move to the egg cell and the vicinity of the poles respectively.
Six days after pollination, another sperm cell fuses with the egg cell to form a zygote.
The first division of the zygote took place after a dormancy of 6-7 days.
The zygote begins to divide for the first time to form two cells, then continues to form multi-cell proembryos.
The globular embryo develops into globular embryo 29 d after pollination. Ziziphus jujuba LSQUOHuizaoRSQUO can complete the pollination and fertilization process, forming small globular embryos.

V International Jujube Symposium

H.Y. Ren, D.K. Li, Y.K. Wang, A.L. Zhao, X.F. Xue, Y. Li

Ziziphus jujuba, parthenocarpy, pollination and fertilization, early embryo development

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1350.27