Articles
Chilling and growing degree day requirements of new hazelnut cultivars in New Jersey
Article number
1379_25
Pages
179 – 186
Language
English
Abstract
Timing of flowering and leaf budbreak in hazelnut is determined by chilling and growing degree day requirements.
Hazelnuts are self-incompatible, making it important to choose pollinizer cultivars that will shed pollen at the time that production cultivars are receptive.
Since time of flowering can be highly variable depending on the local climate, quantifying chilling and growing degree day requirements can be useful for determining the suitability of a cultivar to a particular region.
This is especially important when considering new growing regions for a crop, as well as for matching time of pollen shed of new pollinizers with female receptivity in production cultivars.
In this study, hazelnut stems were forced in the greenhouse at regular intervals to determine earliest onset of flowering and leaf budbreak under controlled conditions.
These data, along with field phenological observations, were then used to determine chilling and growing degree day requirements.
The genotypes studied included Raritan, Monmouth, Somerset, and Hunterdon from Rutgers University; OSU 541.147 The Beast from the Hybrid Hazelnut Consortium; and five additional C. avellana selections.
Two years of chilling and growing degree day requirements are presented.
The results showed that chilling requirements of catkins are lower than those of female flowers in most genotypes, with vegetative buds requiring the largest amount of chilling.
Interestingly, we found considerable variation among genotypes in this study, with some requiring more than twice as much chilling as others.
In contrast to chilling requirements, growing degree day requirements more consistent among genotypes.
Hazelnuts are self-incompatible, making it important to choose pollinizer cultivars that will shed pollen at the time that production cultivars are receptive.
Since time of flowering can be highly variable depending on the local climate, quantifying chilling and growing degree day requirements can be useful for determining the suitability of a cultivar to a particular region.
This is especially important when considering new growing regions for a crop, as well as for matching time of pollen shed of new pollinizers with female receptivity in production cultivars.
In this study, hazelnut stems were forced in the greenhouse at regular intervals to determine earliest onset of flowering and leaf budbreak under controlled conditions.
These data, along with field phenological observations, were then used to determine chilling and growing degree day requirements.
The genotypes studied included Raritan, Monmouth, Somerset, and Hunterdon from Rutgers University; OSU 541.147 The Beast from the Hybrid Hazelnut Consortium; and five additional C. avellana selections.
Two years of chilling and growing degree day requirements are presented.
The results showed that chilling requirements of catkins are lower than those of female flowers in most genotypes, with vegetative buds requiring the largest amount of chilling.
Interestingly, we found considerable variation among genotypes in this study, with some requiring more than twice as much chilling as others.
In contrast to chilling requirements, growing degree day requirements more consistent among genotypes.
Publication
Authors
D. Hlubik, J.M. Capik, T.J. Molnar
Keywords
hazelnut, filbert, Corylus avellana, chilling, growing degree days
Groups involved
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