Articles
WILD PLUMS IN HUNGARY AND ITS IMPROVEMENT
This species is polytypic and susceptible to the escape.
The main task of the investigations of rootstocks and scions are in Prunus genus the evaluation of gene resources.
Tóth, Nyujtó, Brózik, et al., made a basic collection for the propagation of wild plums which were in the tide land of Hungarian rivers.
There are some different types of plums in the fringing forests and orchards of Upper Tisza Region (from Cenger to Tiszadob), South valley of Danube (from Dunaföldvár to Mohács) and along the bank of Dráva.
The gathered samples were tested in the 1950’s years and the plants, the samples were taken from, belonged to the species of P. insititia, P. domestica, P. italica and P. cerasifera (see also determination of Kárpáti 1967 and Faust -Surányi 1998). The best forms and types were evaluated in Cegléd, Érd and Szigetcsép.
The author described 15 local plums on the base of flowers.
These investigations were carried out between 1982 and 1994. Some types were tolerant to PPV and had high rate, for example the yellow fruit variants of cv.
Beregi datolya and Besztercei szilva (as C. 1501 of Sárga or Aranyos Besztercei).
Earlier Tóth, Tamássy and others made successful crossings between good local and traditional plums. 15 hybrids of them were investigated by several researchers from 1988 to 1996. Both experiments gave new results and cultivar candidates for the plum production of Hungary, such as cvs.
Révfülöpi, Szarvasi and C. 1501 Sárga Besztercei or C. 307, C. 647 and C. 671 hybrids of Tóth.
The author studied seasonal effects and differences between cultivars.