Articles
GENE CANDIDATES FOR PATHOGEN PERCEPTION IN CORYLUS AVELLANA
Article number
845_12
Pages
115 – 122
Language
English
Abstract
Pathogen perception is a phenomenon through which the plants sense the beginning of a pathogen infection process.
An effective pathogen perception gives rise to a rapid signal transduction and the induction of defence genes whose products delay or halt pathogen progress.
The result is the survival of the plant.
Generally genes controlling pathogen perception are grouped into two major classes: 1) resistance genes (R genes) whose products are able to recognize the hypervariable pathogen effector gene products, which are usually involved in pathogenicity or virulence.
Therefore, R genes are, in many cases, effective against specific strains of the pathogen species and can confer highly effective resistance phenotypes. 2) Receptors of the Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs are molecular structures necessary for the viability of the pathogen and are conserved among different microbial taxa.
Therefore these receptors operate an aspecific recognition and trigger the non-host and the basal resistance.
Both types of genes are important for the effectiveness of the resistance response.
A number of pathogens can seriously damage hazelnut cultivation worldwide.
Some are able to compromise the viability of the trees.
For this reason it is necessary to study the above cited classes of genes in order to effectively manage genetic selection procedures.
We used a PCR-based gene candidate approach to isolate gene candidates for pathogen perception (PPGCs) from Corylus avellana. Primers were designed on the conserved domains of R genes and PAMP receptors: NBS-ARC and kinase domains.
Isolation of gene fragments was based on low-stringency PCRs, cloning of the expected-sized amplicons and sequencing.
Sequences were compared with GenBank accessions for selection of PPGCs.
At the end of the process 395 diverse gene fragments, homologous to known R genes or to PAMP receptors, were isolated from the cultivar ‛Tonda Rossa and from wild hazelnut.
An effective pathogen perception gives rise to a rapid signal transduction and the induction of defence genes whose products delay or halt pathogen progress.
The result is the survival of the plant.
Generally genes controlling pathogen perception are grouped into two major classes: 1) resistance genes (R genes) whose products are able to recognize the hypervariable pathogen effector gene products, which are usually involved in pathogenicity or virulence.
Therefore, R genes are, in many cases, effective against specific strains of the pathogen species and can confer highly effective resistance phenotypes. 2) Receptors of the Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs are molecular structures necessary for the viability of the pathogen and are conserved among different microbial taxa.
Therefore these receptors operate an aspecific recognition and trigger the non-host and the basal resistance.
Both types of genes are important for the effectiveness of the resistance response.
A number of pathogens can seriously damage hazelnut cultivation worldwide.
Some are able to compromise the viability of the trees.
For this reason it is necessary to study the above cited classes of genes in order to effectively manage genetic selection procedures.
We used a PCR-based gene candidate approach to isolate gene candidates for pathogen perception (PPGCs) from Corylus avellana. Primers were designed on the conserved domains of R genes and PAMP receptors: NBS-ARC and kinase domains.
Isolation of gene fragments was based on low-stringency PCRs, cloning of the expected-sized amplicons and sequencing.
Sequences were compared with GenBank accessions for selection of PPGCs.
At the end of the process 395 diverse gene fragments, homologous to known R genes or to PAMP receptors, were isolated from the cultivar ‛Tonda Rossa and from wild hazelnut.
Publication
Authors
M. Pilotti, A. Brunetti, L. Tizzani, A. Gallelli, V. Lumia, F. Gervasi
Keywords
resistance (R) genes, Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP), PAMP receptor (PRR), gene candidates for pathogen perception (PPGC’s), NBS-ARC domain, kinase domain
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