Articles
ADVANCED SELECTION AND NEW CULTIVAR PERFORMANCE IN HAZELNUT TRIALS PLANTED IN 1998 AND 2000 AT OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Article number
845_5
Pages
67 – 72
Language
English
Abstract
The Oregon State University hazelnut breeding program produces 4,000-5,000 seedlings each year of which approximately 0.5% advance beyond the preliminary testing stage and are placed into replicated yield trials.
Only those selections that carry genetic resistance to eastern filbert blight (EFB) are utilized.
The objective is to develop new disease resistant cultivars that have improved yield and kernel quality compared to current industry standards. Barcelona accounts for 67% of mature trees in production in Oregon, and it is susceptible to EFB. Lewis has moderate quantitative resistance and accounts for 6% of all trees.
Two cultivars with complete resistance to EFB, Santiam and Yamhill, were released by Oregon State University (OSU) in February 2005 and January 2008, respectively.
They were tested in separate trials planted in 1998 and 2000, and results are reported in this paper. Santiam, tested as OSU 509.064, is the first kernel variety developed in Oregon to have complete resistance to EFB conferred by a single dominant gene from Gasaway. Santiam nuts are small, 1.8-2.2 g, trees are smaller than Barcelona, and the cumulative marketable kernel yield is similar to Barcelona, but less than Lewis. Kernel mold is normally less than 5%, but in 2004 it was 10-25%. Nuts mature two weeks before Barcelona. Yamhill, tested as OSU 542.102, was also released as a kernel variety with complete resistance to EFB inherited from Gasaway. Althought trees are 50% smaller than Barcelona they are precocious, and cumulative marketable kernel yield was 25% greater than Barcelona and comparable to Lewis. Nuts are small, 1.7-2.4 g, and total defects are less than 5% in most years.
Nuts fall free of the husk 7-10 days ahead of Barcelona.
Only those selections that carry genetic resistance to eastern filbert blight (EFB) are utilized.
The objective is to develop new disease resistant cultivars that have improved yield and kernel quality compared to current industry standards. Barcelona accounts for 67% of mature trees in production in Oregon, and it is susceptible to EFB. Lewis has moderate quantitative resistance and accounts for 6% of all trees.
Two cultivars with complete resistance to EFB, Santiam and Yamhill, were released by Oregon State University (OSU) in February 2005 and January 2008, respectively.
They were tested in separate trials planted in 1998 and 2000, and results are reported in this paper. Santiam, tested as OSU 509.064, is the first kernel variety developed in Oregon to have complete resistance to EFB conferred by a single dominant gene from Gasaway. Santiam nuts are small, 1.8-2.2 g, trees are smaller than Barcelona, and the cumulative marketable kernel yield is similar to Barcelona, but less than Lewis. Kernel mold is normally less than 5%, but in 2004 it was 10-25%. Nuts mature two weeks before Barcelona. Yamhill, tested as OSU 542.102, was also released as a kernel variety with complete resistance to EFB inherited from Gasaway. Althought trees are 50% smaller than Barcelona they are precocious, and cumulative marketable kernel yield was 25% greater than Barcelona and comparable to Lewis. Nuts are small, 1.7-2.4 g, and total defects are less than 5% in most years.
Nuts fall free of the husk 7-10 days ahead of Barcelona.
Publication
Authors
R.L. McCluskey, S.A. Mehlenbacher, D.C. Smith, A.N. Azarenko
Keywords
Corylus avellana, filbert, nut breeding, ‘Santiam’, ‘Yamhill’
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