Articles
APRICOT CULTURE IN NORTH TADJIKISTAN
Here, as a result of people’s millenary apricot trees selection, it was chosen the suitable assortment for dehydration, because the only way of processing under warm and dry climatic conditions is dehydration.
The best varieties were selected according to productivity, fruit sugar content and fruit removal resistance until full ripening.
Therefore, there were selected apricot varieties well known abroad long time ago, such as: Mirsandjali Boboi, Kandak, Hurmai, Ucima as well as many clones and biotypes.
The Northern part of Tadjikistan has continental characteristics of climate and soil, so it is clear why in the most counties the apricot culture reaches 90% of the land.
The mean yearly temperature in Leningrad is 13.6°C. The summer is torrid, the mean temperature in July being 27.6°C and the maximim one 43°C. The relative air humidity in the summer reaches 27–30%. The winter is quite mild, the mean temperature in January being -1.3°C.
The apricot vegetative growth starts in the first decade of March and it ends in the third decade of November.
The soils are light brown, screeny type, with a low content of organic matter and a poor wilde vegetation (Table 1). The soil volumetric weight is 1.73 t/m3 in tillable level and ries to 1.81 t/m3 in depth.
It is well known that apricot is an early blooming species.
The flowers are frequently injured by late spring frosts, so that great amounts of yield are lost.
As a result, a special concern was to select resistant varieties to the hard climatic conditions, choosing the types with a long dormancy, the late blooming varieties, with yearly high yields and good fruit quality.
The stone fruit species have a constant fruiting under adequate conditions.
The flower buds of the stone fruit species develop on one year old shoots and the differentiation period does not coincide with the intense fruit growing period.
On apricot, the flower buds are differentiated