Articles
Six fresh-eating jujube cultivar metabolite profiles reveal cultivar differences through widely targeted metabolomics analysis
Article number
1436_12
Pages
91 – 100
Language
English
Abstract
Jujube metabolomics information is limited in the United States.
In fall 2022, full red mature fruit of six fresh eating jujube cultivars were sampled from replicated cultivar trials at three different locations in New Mexico as they matured from early September to early October.
The six cultivars were ‘Alcalde 1’, ‘Dongzao’ (Dong), ‘Kongfucui’ (KFC), ‘Maya’, ‘Shanxi Li’, and ‘Zaocuiwang’ (ZCW). There were 1315 metabolites detected in those samples with amino acids and their derivates, and flavonoids were the two dominant groups, accounting for 20.15 and 15.44%, respectively.
In the principal component analysis, cultivars ‘Dongzao’, KFC, and ‘Maya’ were fully separated from others, while there were some overlays among ‘Alcalde 1’, ‘Shanxi Li’, and ZCW. ‘Dongzao’ had more significant differential metabolites in the one-on-one cultivar comparison than other pairs.
KFC and ‘Maya’ had more high-content alkaloids, flavonoids, lipids, and phenols compounds. ‘Dongzao’ had more high-content triterpenes, and ZCW had more low-content triterpenes. ‘Dongzao’ also had more lower-content lipids than others.
The top two nucleotides in mature jujube fruit were cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). For flavonoids, ‘Alcalde 1’ and ‘Dongzao’ had higher catechin contents than KFC and ‘Maya’, while 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-o-neohesperidoside were higher in KFC, ‘Dongzao’, and ‘Maya’. For lipids, ‘Alcalde 1’, KFC, and ‘Maya’ were richer in lipids, and ‘Dongzao’ was extremely low in lipids except for 2 compounds for the top 10 lipids listed. ‘Dongzao’ fruit is extremely crisp and juicy.
Whether its low lipid level is related to its cell/cell wall structure and fruit texture would be an interesting topic for future studies.
In fall 2022, full red mature fruit of six fresh eating jujube cultivars were sampled from replicated cultivar trials at three different locations in New Mexico as they matured from early September to early October.
The six cultivars were ‘Alcalde 1’, ‘Dongzao’ (Dong), ‘Kongfucui’ (KFC), ‘Maya’, ‘Shanxi Li’, and ‘Zaocuiwang’ (ZCW). There were 1315 metabolites detected in those samples with amino acids and their derivates, and flavonoids were the two dominant groups, accounting for 20.15 and 15.44%, respectively.
In the principal component analysis, cultivars ‘Dongzao’, KFC, and ‘Maya’ were fully separated from others, while there were some overlays among ‘Alcalde 1’, ‘Shanxi Li’, and ZCW. ‘Dongzao’ had more significant differential metabolites in the one-on-one cultivar comparison than other pairs.
KFC and ‘Maya’ had more high-content alkaloids, flavonoids, lipids, and phenols compounds. ‘Dongzao’ had more high-content triterpenes, and ZCW had more low-content triterpenes. ‘Dongzao’ also had more lower-content lipids than others.
The top two nucleotides in mature jujube fruit were cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). For flavonoids, ‘Alcalde 1’ and ‘Dongzao’ had higher catechin contents than KFC and ‘Maya’, while 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-o-neohesperidoside were higher in KFC, ‘Dongzao’, and ‘Maya’. For lipids, ‘Alcalde 1’, KFC, and ‘Maya’ were richer in lipids, and ‘Dongzao’ was extremely low in lipids except for 2 compounds for the top 10 lipids listed. ‘Dongzao’ fruit is extremely crisp and juicy.
Whether its low lipid level is related to its cell/cell wall structure and fruit texture would be an interesting topic for future studies.
Publication
Authors
S. Yao
Keywords
Ziziphus jujuba, cultivar difference, metabolites, triterpenes, flavonoids, lipids, phenols
Groups involved
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