Articles
CREATION OF PLUM ROOTSTOCKS FOR PEACH AND PLUM BY INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION
Article number
224_43
Pages
339 – 344
Language
Abstract
After having exploited the variability existing within the diverse species, we have undertaken a vast hybridization program between various species of plum tree with a few specific objects concerning peach in the first place, namely graft compatibility with each cultivar and tolerance to root asphyxia.
In a second stage, we are exploiting this hybrid material in order to select rootstocks for the cultivated plum tree.
Three essential directions have been followed: 1/ Survey of the varied interspecific hybrids in order to define the possible relations between genomic constitution and various physiological traits. 2/ Synthesis of genomic copies of the rootstock ‘Damas GF 1869’ whose genetic origine has been specified by a cytogenetic analysis, in order to create rootstocks of the same quality but showing a good general graft compatibility and a lesser production of suckers. 3/ Creation of rootstocks tolerating root asphyxia by using certain sources of resistance discovered in the Japanese varietal group.
These programs have led to the preselection of a few interspecific hybrids which are now under experimentation and whose essential qualities include tolerance to root asphyxia and general graft compatibility with peach.
Concurrently, we have been able to state that two genes named I1 and I2 are responsible for incompatibility of peach varieties grafted on rootstock ‘Damas GF 1869. It turns out that the use of the tetraploid species P. spinosa, atractive for its hardiness and its faculty of adaptation, induces systematically a tendency to produce suckers and a usually insufficient vigor.
A study of the numerous interspecific hybrids already created for peach was started recently.
Experimentation conducted for several years has demonstrated that certain tri- or tetraploid hybrids confer on plum trees interesting qualities of earliness of fruit-setting and yield capacity.
This is the case for a /Japanese plum tree x P. spinosa / hybrid already preselected for peach.
Graft incompatibility is less frequent in plum but may nevertheless exist; in most cases it is probably physiological incompatibility.
In a second stage, we are exploiting this hybrid material in order to select rootstocks for the cultivated plum tree.
Three essential directions have been followed: 1/ Survey of the varied interspecific hybrids in order to define the possible relations between genomic constitution and various physiological traits. 2/ Synthesis of genomic copies of the rootstock ‘Damas GF 1869’ whose genetic origine has been specified by a cytogenetic analysis, in order to create rootstocks of the same quality but showing a good general graft compatibility and a lesser production of suckers. 3/ Creation of rootstocks tolerating root asphyxia by using certain sources of resistance discovered in the Japanese varietal group.
These programs have led to the preselection of a few interspecific hybrids which are now under experimentation and whose essential qualities include tolerance to root asphyxia and general graft compatibility with peach.
Concurrently, we have been able to state that two genes named I1 and I2 are responsible for incompatibility of peach varieties grafted on rootstock ‘Damas GF 1869. It turns out that the use of the tetraploid species P. spinosa, atractive for its hardiness and its faculty of adaptation, induces systematically a tendency to produce suckers and a usually insufficient vigor.
A study of the numerous interspecific hybrids already created for peach was started recently.
Experimentation conducted for several years has demonstrated that certain tri- or tetraploid hybrids confer on plum trees interesting qualities of earliness of fruit-setting and yield capacity.
This is the case for a /Japanese plum tree x P. spinosa / hybrid already preselected for peach.
Graft incompatibility is less frequent in plum but may nevertheless exist; in most cases it is probably physiological incompatibility.
Publication
Authors
G. Salesses, R. Renaud, A. Bonnet
Keywords
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