Comparing the response of callus of two chrysanthemums (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) cultivars to the chemical mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)

Breeding through induced mutation is one way of increasing genetic diversity in plants.
The combination of EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate), a chemical mutagen treatment, and the use of callus as plant material is known to produce genetic diversity and superior cultivars of plants.
This study aimed to increase the genetic variations in chrysanthemum cultivars.
This study observed the effect of EMS on the callus of two chrysanthemum cultivars, ‘Jaguar Pink’ and ‘Reagent Pink’. The use of EMS against chrysanthemum callus is expected to increase the chances of obtaining genetic diversity in chrysanthemums.
The experiment used a completely random design with two factors, namely two cultivars of chrysanthemums and six concentrations of EMS. Data on the number of survival callus, number of germinating callus, and number of callus with shoots after exposure to different concentrations of EMS were noted, which resulted in a different response depending on the cultivars and the EMS concentration.
In general, the surviving callus from ‘Jaguar Pink’ was higher than those of ‘Reagent Pink’. In addition, more callus from ‘Jaguar Pink’ regenerated into shoots compared to ‘Reagent Pink’. Based on the number of calli that produced shoots, the probability of mutants is found highly in ‘Jaguar Pink’ and poorly in ‘Reagent Pink’. The lethal concentration of 50% (LC₅₀) of the chrysanthemum callus ‘Reagent Pink’ and ‘Jaguar Pink’ is 0.4% of EMS solution.

II International Symposium on Tropical and Subtropical Ornamentals

Suryawati, S.I. Aisyah, B. Marwoto, R. Kurniati

callus, ethyl methane sulfonate, mutagen, induced mutation

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1334.10